Mundaka 6.09
स यो ह वै तत्परमं ब्रह्म वेद ब्रह्मैव भवति नास्याब्रह्मवित् कुले भवति। तरति शोकं तरति पाप्मानं गुहाग्रन्थिभ्यो विमुक्तोऽमृतो भवति ॥९॥
sa yo ha vai tatparamaṁ brahma veda brahmaiva bhavati nāsyābrahmavit kule bhavati। tarati śokaṁ tarati pāpmānaṁ guhāgranthibhyo vimukto'mṛto bhavati ॥9॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; यः (yaḥ) - who; ह (ha) - indeed; वै (vai) - truly; तत् (tat) - that; परमम् (paramam) - supreme; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; वेद (veda) - knows; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; एव (eva) - indeed; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - his; अब्रह्मवित् (abrahmavit) - non-knower of Brahman; कुले (kule) - in the family; भवति (bhavati) - exists; तरति (tarati) - crosses; शोकम् (śokam) - sorrow; तरति (tarati) - crosses; पाप्मानम् (pāpmānam) - sin; गुहा (guhā) - cave; ग्रन्थिभ्यः (granthibhyaḥ) - from knots; विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - liberated; अमृतः (amṛtaḥ) - immortal; भवति (bhavati) - becomes;]
He who truly knows the supreme Brahman becomes situated in Brahman; in his lineage, there is no one ignorant of Brahman. He transcends sorrow and sin and is liberated from the knots of ignorance, attaining immortality.
Bhāshya 6.09
How can there be eternal independence for a dependent individual living being? Upon realizing the supreme Brahman, one becomes 'bṛṁhitaḥ' i.e. elevated according to their own capacity. The term 'brahmatvaṁ' i.e. the state of being in Brahman, is nothing but 'bṛṁhitatvaṁ' i.e. the state of being elevated; it is that of the individual beings, and not that of the Supreme Being.
"परं ब्रह्म विदित्वा तु बृंहितः स्यात् स्वयोग्यतः। नायोग्यं किञचिदाप्नोति कुत एव हरेर्गुणान्॥"
"paraṁ brahma viditvā tu bṛṁhitaḥ syāt svayogyataḥ। nāyogyaṁ kiñcidāpnoti kuta eva harerguṇān॥"
[परम् (param) - supreme; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; तु (tu) - but; बृंहितः (bṛṁhitaḥ) - expanded; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; स्वयोग्यतः (svayogyataḥ) - according to one's capacity; न (na) - not; अयोग्यम् (ayogyam) - unfit; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains; कुतः (kutaḥ) - how; एव (eva) - indeed; हरेः (hareḥ) - of Hari; गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities;]
"Upon realizing the supreme Brahman, one becomes 'bṛṁhitaḥ' i.e. elevated according to their own capacity. One does not obtain anything unfit, how indeed the qualities of Hari."
इति च।
iti ca।
[इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and / as well;]
(thus and.)
- stated thus as well.
"ब्रह्मत्वं बृंहितत्वं स्याज्जीवानां न परात्मता। अस्वतन्त्रस्य जीवस्य कुतो नित्यस्वतन्त्रता॥"
"brahmatvaṁ bṛṁhitatvaṁ syājjīvānāṁ na parātmatā। asvatantrasya jīvasya kuto nityasvatantratā॥"
[ब्रह्मत्वं (brahmatvaṁ) - state of being Brahman; बृंहितत्वं (bṛṁhitatvaṁ) - state of being expanded; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; जीवानां (jīvānāṁ) - of living beings; न (na) - not; परात्मता (parātmatā) - status of the Supreme Being; अस्वतन्त्रस्य (asvatantrasya) - of the dependent; जीवस्य (jīvasya) - of the individual being; कुतः (kutaḥ) - how; नित्यस्वतन्त्रता (nityasvatantratā) - eternal independence;]
"The term 'brahmatvaṁ' i.e. the state of being in Brahman, is nothing but 'bṛṁhitatvaṁ' i.e. the state of being elevated; it is that of the individual beings, and not that of the Supreme Being. How can there be eternal independence for a dependent individual living being?"
इति स्कान्दे।
iti skānde।
[इति (iti) - thus; स्कान्दे (skānde) - in the Skanda Purana;]
- stated thus in the Skanda Purana.
"यत्रामृतः स पुरुषो ह्यव्ययात्मा", "यत्र तत्सत्यस्य परमं निधानम्", "अमृतस्यैष सेतुः", "शरवत् तन्मयो भवेत्", "ब्रह्म तल्लक्ष्यमुच्यते", "निरञ्जनः परमं साम्यमुपैति"
"yatrāmṛtaḥ sa puruṣo hyavyayātmā", "yatra tatsatyasya paramaṃ nidhānam", "amṛtasyaiaṣ setuḥ", "śaravat tanmayo bhavet", "brahma tallakṣyamucyate", "nirañjanaḥ paramaṃ sāmyamupaiti"
[यत्र (yatra) - where; अमृतः (amṛtaḥ) - immortal; सः (saḥ) - he; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person; हि (hi) - indeed; अव्ययात्मा (avyayātmā) - immutable self; यत्र (yatra) - where; तत् (tat) - that; सत्यस्य (satyasya) - of truth; परमं (paramaṃ) - supreme; निधानम् (nidhānam) - abode; अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of immortality; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; सेतुः (setuḥ) - bridge; शरवत् (śaravat) - like an arrow; तन्मयः (tanmayaḥ) - absorbed in that; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; तत् (tat) - that; लक्ष्यम् (lakṣyam) - goal; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said; निरञ्जनः (nirañjanaḥ) - spotless; परमं (paramaṃ) - supreme; साम्यम् (sāmyam) - equanimity; उपैति (upaiti) - attains;]
"Where the immortal person, indeed the immutable self resides", "where the supreme abode of truth is", "this is the bridge to immortality", "like an arrow, one becomes absorbed in that", "Brahman is said to be the ultimate goal" and "The spotless attains supreme equanimity."
इत्यादिना मुक्तस्य सर्वत्र भगवत्सकाशात् भेदस्यैवोक्तत्वाच्च।
ityādinā muktasya sarvatra bhagavatsakāśāt bhedasyaivoktavāc ca।
[इत्यादिना (ityādinā) - by all these statements; मुक्तस्य (muktasya) - of the liberated; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; भगवत्सकाशात् (bhagavatsakāśāt) - from the presence of the Lord; भेदस्य (bhedasya) - of difference; एव (eva) - indeed; उक्तत्वात् (uktavāt) - due to the statement; च (ca) - and;]
- from all these statements, it becomes clear that the liberated in all the contexts are said to be in the presence of the Lord. Thus, there is indeed a mention of a difference between the two.
"मुक्तोपसृप्य व्यपदेशात्", "जगद् व्यापारवर्जम्", "प्रकरणादसन्निहितत्वात्"
"muktopasṛpya vyapadeśāt", "jagad vyāpāravarjam", "prakaraṇādasannihitatvāt"
[मुक्तोपसृप्य (muktopasṛpya) - having approached the liberated; व्यपदेशात् (vyapadeśāt) - from the designation; जगद् (jagad) - world; व्यापारवर्जम् (vyāpāravarjam) - free from activity; प्रकरणात् (prakaraṇāt) - from the context; असन्निहितत्वात् (asannihitatvāt) - due to absence;]
"Upon approaching the liberated, as per designation", "the world becomes devoid of activity", "due to its absence in the context"
इत्यादिना भगवता सर्वत्र भेदस्यैव सूचितत्वात्।
ityādinā bhagavatā sarvatra bhedasyaiva sūcitattvāt।
[इत्यादिना (ityādinā) - thus; by the Lord; भगवता (bhagavatā) - by the Lord; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; भेदस्यैव (bhedasyaiva) - of distinction only; सूचितत्वात् (sūcitattvāt) - due to the indication;]
- such statements indicate the difference and distinction between the Lord and others everywhere.
"न ते महित्वमन्वश्नुवन्ति।"
"na te mahitvam anvaśnuvanti।"
[न (na) - not; ते (te) - they; महित्वम् (mahitvam) - greatness; अन्वश्नुवन्ति (anvaśnuvanti) - attain;]
"They do not achieve greatness."
"सोऽश्नुते सर्वान् कामान् सह ब्रह्मणा विपश्चिता।"
"so'śnute sarvān kāmān saha brahmaṇā vipaścitā."
[सः (saḥ) - he; अश्नुते (aśnute) - enjoys; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; कामान् (kāmān) - desires; सह (saha) - with; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - Brahman; विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - the wise;]
"He, along with the wise Brahman, enjoys all desires."
"ब्रह्मेशानादिभिर्देवैर्यत्प्राप्तुं नैव शक्यते। तद्यत्स्वभावः कैवल्यं स भवान् केवलो हरे॥"
"brahmeśānādibhirdevairyatprāptuṃ naiva śakyate। tadyatsvabhāvaḥ kaivalyaṃ sa bhavān kevalo hare॥"
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahma; ईशान (īśāna) - Ishana; आदिभिः (ādibhiḥ) - and others; देवैः (devaiḥ) - by gods; यत् (yat) - which; प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to obtain; नैव (naiva) - not at all; शक्यते (śakyate) - is possible; तत् (tat) - that; यत् (yat) - which; स्वभावः (svabhāvaḥ) - nature; कैवल्यम् (kaivalyam) - liberation; सः (saḥ) - he; भवान् (bhavān) - you; केवलः (kevalaḥ) - alone; हरे (hare) - O Hari;]
"O Hari, you alone embody the nature of liberation, which even gods like Brahma and Ishana cannot attain."
इत्यादेश्च।
ityādeśca।
[इति (iti) - thus; आदेशः (ādeśaḥ) - command; च (ca) - and / as well;]
- such are the commands.
"मुक्तेभ्योऽपि मनुष्येभ्यो देवा एव गुणाधिकाः। तेभ्यो वायुस्ततो विष्णुः परिपूर्णगुणः सदा॥ ये त्वेतदन्यथा विद्युः ते हि यान्त्यधरं तमः। ये त्वेतदेवं जानन्ति ते यान्ति परमं हरिम्॥"
"muktebhyo'pi manuṣyebhyo devā eva guṇādhikāḥ। tebhyo vāyustato viṣṇuḥ paripūrṇaguṇaḥ sadā॥ ye tvetadanyathā vidyuḥ te hi yāntyadharaṃ tamaḥ। ye tvetadevaṃ jānanti te yānti paramaṃ harim॥"
[मुक्तेभ्यः (muktebhyaḥ) - from the liberated ones; अपि (api) - also; मनुष्येभ्यः (manuṣyebhyaḥ) - from humans; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; एव (eva) - indeed; गुणाधिकाः (guṇādhikāḥ) - superior in qualities; तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - than them; वायुः (vāyuḥ) - Vayu; ततः (tataḥ) - then; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu; परिपूर्णगुणः (paripūrṇaguṇaḥ) - complete in qualities; सदा (sadā) - always; ये (ye) - those who; तु (tu) - but; एतत् (etat) - this; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; विद्युः (vidyuḥ) - know; ते (te) - they; हि (hi) - indeed; यान्ति (yānti) - go; अधरं (adharaṃ) - to the lower; तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness; ये (ye) - those who; तु (tu) - but; एतत् (etat) - this; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; जानन्ति (jānanti) - know; ते (te) - they; यान्ति (yānti) - go; परमं (paramaṃ) - to the supreme; हरिम् (harim) - Hari;]
"Even among the liberated, gods are indeed superior to humans in qualities. Among them, Vayu is superior, and then most superior is Lord Vishnu, who is always complete in qualities. Those who know this otherwise indeed go to the lower darkness. But those who know this thus, go to the supreme Lord Hari."
इति च।
iti ca।
[इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and / as well;]
- stated thus as well.
"देवानां सन्ततौ जाताः प्रायशो ज्ञानिनः कृते। बलवद्धेतुतश्चान्ये यस्माद् ब्रह्मविदः सुराः॥ न सन्ततौ ब्रह्मविदो नराणां ज्ञानिनामपि। प्रायशः स्युः सुराणां च नियमोऽयं कृते युगे॥"
"devānāṃ santatau jātāḥ prāyaśo jñāninaḥ kṛte। balavaddhetutaścānye yasmād brahmavidaḥ surāḥ॥ na santatau brahmavido narāṇāṃ jñānināmapi। prāyaśaḥ syuḥ surāṇāṃ ca niyamo'yaṃ kṛte yuge॥"
[देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods; सन्ततौ (santatau) - in the lineage; जाताः (jātāḥ) - born; प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly; ज्ञानिनः (jñāninaḥ) - wise ones; कृते (kṛte) - in the Krta age; बलवद्धेतुतः (balavaddhetutaḥ) - due to strong reason; च (ca) - and; अन्ये (anye) - others; यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because; ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - knowers of Brahman; सुराः (surāḥ) - gods; न (na) - not; सन्ततौ (santatau) - in the lineage; ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - knowers of Brahman; नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men; ज्ञानिनाम् (jñāninām) - of the wise; अपि (api) - also; प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly; स्युः (syuḥ) - are; सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods; च (ca) - and; नियमः (niyamaḥ) - rule; अयम् (ayam) - this; कृते (kṛte) - in the Krta age; युगे (yuge) - in the age;]
"In the lineage of the gods, mostly wise ones are born in the Krta age, who are knowers of Brahman. There are few exceptions due to strong reasons. In the lineage of men, even among the wise, mostly they are not knowers of Brahman. This is the rule of the gods in the Krta age."
इति च।
iti ca।
[इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and / as well;]
- stated thus as well.
