...

Madhvāchārya was a 12th century philosopher who established Vēdānta based on realism and theism. His doctrine is called tatvavāda, which is also popularly known as Dvaita Vēdānta. We have dedicated this website to provide English translations of Madhvāchārya's works, collectively called Sarvamoola.

Study Sarvamoola!



Tatvavāda - Realism of Vedānta
...
Continuous stream of dependent living beings, infinite in number, are struggling, submerged in their ignorance. The all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-pervading Lord is perpetually engaged in the cycle of creation, maintenance, and destruction of the universe for the benevolence of these living beings. It is an opportunity for the distressed beings to evolve, to get liberated, to experience ultimate joy. The 'Cit-Prakrti', the mother, governess of the insentient universe, is ever eager to please the Lord, is ceaselessly striving to emancipate her cherished children.
The beings, for their part, are ignorant and fail to recognize their dependent state. With their false ego, they want to control and own, and they suffer.
नारायणाय परिपूर्णगुणार्णवाय विश्वोदयस्थितिलयोन्नियति प्रदाय।
ज्ञानप्रदाय विबुधासुरसौख्यदुःखसत्कारणाय वितताय नमो नमस्ते॥
That all pervading lord, Nārāyana in complete with all auspicious qualities. He administers the creation, sustenance and destruction of the universe. He provides knowledge by granting happiness to benevolent acts and misery to demomoniac acts. I worship such a Lord.
- opening verse, Madhva's purport on Mahābharata.
Your path to ultimate bliss is simple! It is to realize that you are the reflected image of the Lord, to realize you are eternal and eternally dependent on Him, to realize his presence within you and everywhere else, to realize you are His! That is the true state of all living beings.
Mother Prakrti is determined to mentor and nurture you, so that you realize your true state and experience that eternal bliss. You are rewarded with happiness for every act of benevolence and misery for every act of ill-will, with knowledge as the outcome. Universe is designed to take you on a journey, from ignorance to a more profound awareness, ending with transcendental knowledge, kēvala-jnāna. The kēvala-jnāna allows you to comprehend your ever dependent nature and the infinite benevolence bestowed on you by the Lord. It breeds unconditional devotion, bhakti, towards the Lord. It culminates in your liberation, an experience of ultimate bliss.
...
There is an easier path for those who are wise!
बाहुभ्यां सागरं तर्तुं क इच्छेत पुमान् भुवि। वासुदेवमनाराध्य को मोक्षं गन्तुमिच्छति ॥
"Can anyone cross the ocean by swimming with bare hands? How can one wish to get liberated without worshiping Lord Vāsudēva?"
- Krishnamruta Mahārnava 35
हे जिह्वे मम निस्नेहे हरिं किं नानुभाषसे। हरिं वदस्व कल्याणि संसारोदधिनौर्हरिः ॥७१॥
O unfriendly tongue! Why you are not chanting the name of Lord Hari? Now is the time to chant the name of Lord Hari, as He is the vessel to traverse this sea of transmigration.
- Krishnamruta Mahārnava 71
Realizing your dependent nature and the infinite benevolence bestowed on you, develop devotion (bhakti) towards the Lord. Developing devotion to the Lord is easy. Chant his holy name with love and reverence! Identify your swa-dharma that is unique to you, based on your own nature and disposition. Contribute to the world as a worship to Lord Janārdhana, the protector of all beings. The Bhakti towards lord inspires one to engage in Swa-dharma. Performance of Swa-dharma results in knowledge that in-turn enhances bhakti. This spiralling effect ultimately leads to Kēvala-jnāna that enables you to get liberated and experience bliss.
सर्वैः क्रियापदैश्चैव सर्वेः द्रव्यपदैरपि। सर्वैः गुणपदैश्चैव वाच्य एको हरिः स्वयम्।
All the verbs, all the substantives, and all the qualitative primarily convey Lord Hari.
- Gīta Tātparya 2.18
This, in summary, is tatvavāda of Madhvacharya. He viewed Badarāyana Vyāsa's Vedānta sūtras as primarily promoting realism and a theism, in line with other traditional Vēdic philosophies such as sānkhya, yōga, nyāya, vaishēshika, and pūrva-mimāmsa. Not only his philosophy aligns with other classical darshanas, it reflects the philosophy of Vaishnava, Shaiva, and Shakta āgamas as well. Thus tatvavāda, is the doctrine of three reals, the God, the Cit-Prakrti, and the Beings. His doctrine was classified as Dvaita Vedānta, the dualistic understanding of Vedānta, by other philosophical schools.
...

बहुचित्रजगद्बहुधाकरणात् परशक्तिरनन्तगुणः परमः ।
सुखरूपममुष्य पदं परमं स्मरतस्तु भविष्यति तत्सततम् ॥
"The one who has created this variegated vast universe with varied forms has infinite power and is of infinite auspicious qualities. He certainly bestows the highest state of bliss to those who meditate on his ever happy essence." -Dwādasha stōtra 4.3

Copyright © 2023, Incredible Wisdom.
All rights reserved.