Mundaka 6.08
यथा नद्यः स्यन्दमानाः समुद्रायणाः समुत्रं प्राप्यास्तं गच्छन्ति नामरूपे विहाय। तथा विद्वान् नामरूपाद्विमुक्तः परात्परं पुरुषमुपैति दिव्यम् ॥८॥
yathā nadyaḥ syandamānāḥ samudrāyaṇāḥ samutraṃ prāpyāstaṃ gacchanti nāmarūpe vihāya। tathā vidvān nāmarūpādvimuktaḥ parātparaṃ puruṣamupaiti divyam ॥8॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers; स्यन्दमानाः (syandamānāḥ) - flowing; समुद्रायणाः (samudrāyaṇāḥ) - towards the ocean; समुत्रं (samutraṃ) - ocean; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached; अस्तं (astaṃ) - disappear; गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - go; नामरूपे (nāmarūpe) - name and form; विहाय (vihāya) - leaving behind; तथा (tathā) - so; विद्वान् (vidvān) - the wise; नामरूपात् (nāmarūpāt) - from name and form; विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - liberated; परात्परं (parātparaṃ) - the supreme; पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - being; उपैति (upaiti) - attains; दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine;]
Just as rivers flow towards the ocean and lose their names and forms upon reaching it, so does the wise person, freed from names and forms, attain the supreme divine being.
Bhāshya 6.08
The meaning of the word 'vimukta' is not equivalent to 'mukta' i.e. liberated. It implies 'not completely free', similar to word 'vipriya', which means unpleasant, and not pleasant. It only suggests the names and forms of liberated men are imperceptible by the unliberated. Vedic testimonial states - "Endless indeed is His name".
"अगम्यनामरूपत्वादमुक्तैर्मुक्तिगा नराः। विहीननामरूपास्तु न तु तद्रहितत्वतः। एवं नद्यः समुद्रस्था सामान्यागम्यरूपतः॥"
"agamyanāmarūpatvād amuktair muktigā narāḥ। vihīnanāmarūpās tu na tu tadrahitatvataḥ। evaṃ nadyaḥ samudrasthā sāmānyāgamyarūpataḥ॥"
[अगम्य (agamya) - imperceptible; नाम (nāma) - name; रूपत्वात् (rūpatvāt) - form; अमुक्तैः (amuktaiḥ) - unliberated; मुक्तिगाः (muktigāḥ) - those who attain liberation; नराः (narāḥ) - men; विहीन (vihīna) - devoid; नाम (nāma) - name; रूपाः (rūpāḥ) - forms; तु (tu) - but; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; तद्रहितत्वतः (tadrahitatvataḥ) - is the understanding of the principle; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers; समुद्रस्था (samudrasthā) - situated in the ocean; सामान्य (sāmānya) - common; अगम्य (agamya) - imperceptible; रूपतः (rūpataḥ) - in form;]
"The names and forms of liberated men are imperceptible by the unliberated. It doesn't mean they are devoid of names and forms. Similarly, rivers that merge into the ocean become commonly imperceptible in form."
इति च।
iti ca।
[इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and;]
- stated thus as well.
"स्वकीयमुदकं नद्यः समुद्रे नैव जानते। वायुस्तु तत्पृथग् ज्ञात्वा मेघे कृत्वा प्रवर्षति॥"
"svakīyamudakaṃ nadyaḥ samudre naiva jānate। vāyustu tatpṛthag jñātvā meghe kṛtvā pravarṣati॥"
[स्वकीय (svakīya) - own; उदकं (udakaṃ) - water; नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers; समुद्रे (samudre) - in the ocean; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; जानते (jānate) - know; वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind; तु (tu) - but; तत् (tat) - that; पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - knowing; मेघे (meghe) - in the cloud; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; प्रवर्षति (pravarṣati) - rains;]
"Rivers do not recognize their own waters once they merge into the ocean. However, the wind, discerning them separately, gathers them into clouds and causes rain."
इति च।
iti ca।
[इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and;]
- stated thus as well.
विमुक्त इत्यमुक्त इत्यर्थः। विप्रिय इतिवत्। अविहायेति च।
vimukta ityamukta ityarthaḥ। vipriya itivat। avihāyeti ca।
[विमुक्त (vimukta) - liberated; इति (iti) - thus; अमुक्त (amukta) - not liberated; इति (iti) - thus; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - meaning; विप्रिय (vipriya) - unpleasant; इति (iti) - thus; वत् (vat) - like; अविहाय (avihāya) - without leaving; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and;]
(Liberated thus not liberated thus meaning. Unpleasant thus like. Without leaving thus and.)
The meaning of the word 'vimukta' implies 'amukta', i.e. 'not liberated', similar to word 'vipriya', which means unpleasant. It implies not completely devoid of.
"अनन्तं वै नाम"
"anantaṁ vai nāma"
[अनन्तम् (anantam) - endless; वै (vai) - indeed / His; नाम (nāma) - name;]
"Endless indeed is His name"
इति श्रुतिः ॥८॥
iti śrutiḥ ॥8॥
[इति (iti) - thus; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - the Vedic testimonial]
- states the Vedic testimonial.
