B.G 3.31 and 32
yē mē matamidaṁ nityamanutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ। śraddhāvantō'nasūyantō mucyantē tē'pi karmabhiḥ ॥31॥
Those human beings who sincerely and without envy practice this decided view of mine, free themselves from the previous imprints generated by action and also attain liberation.
yē tvētadabhyasūyantō nānutiṣṭhanti mē matam। sarvajñānavimūḍhāṁstān viddhi naṣṭānacētasaḥ ॥32॥
Those who don't follow my teachings, because of envy, recognize such deluded to be devoid of all knowledge and are destined to ruin without proper awareness.
Gīta Bhāshya 3.31 and 32
Differentiating Action (Karma) and knowledge (Janana) as different paths to liberation is rejected. The action performed without expectation results in knowledge, which in turn results in the direct perception of truth and liberation.
phalamāha - yē me iti॥
Results obtained are stated in 'yē ma' verse.
yē tvēvaṁ nivr̥ttakarmiṇaḥ tē'pi mucyantē jñānadvārā। kimu aparōkṣa jñāninaḥ । na tu sādhanāntaram ucyatē
Those who perform actions without expectation get liberated through the transcendental knowledge gained. Then, it need not explicitly be stated for those with transcendental knowledge (that they will also get liberated). The verses are not trying to differentiate the practices (as action oriented and knowledge oriented).
"nivr̥ttādīni karmāṇi hyaparōkṣēśadr̥ṣṭayē। aparōkṣēśadr̥ṣṭistu muktau kiñcinnamārgatē॥ sarvaṁ tadantarādhāya muktayē sādhanaṁ bhavēt। na kiñcidantarādhāya nirvāṇāyāparōkṣadr̥k॥"
"The actions performed without expectation are indeed for the direct perception of truth. The direction perception will aid and definitely not come in the path of Moksha. All the transformation within will become an aid towards liberation. But for one who directly perceives needs nothing as internal support for liberation."
iti nārāyaṇāṣṭākṣarakalpē।
-states Nārāyana Ashtāksharakalpa
ata ēva samuccaya niyamō'pi nirākr̥taḥ ॥31, 32॥
Therefore, even the rule that either (the path of action or path of knowledge could be adopted) is rejected. (Performing the prescribed actions without expectation results in transcendental knowledge, which in turn results in direction perception and liberation. This is the only path.)
