B.G 3.31 and 32
ये मे मतमिदं नित्यमनुतिष्ठन्ति मानवाः। श्रद्धावन्तोऽनसूयन्तो मुच्यन्ते तेऽपि कर्मभिः ॥३१॥
Those human beings who sincerely and without envy practice this decided view of mine, free themselves from the previous imprints generated by action and also attain liberation.
ये त्वेतदभ्यसूयन्तो नानुतिष्ठन्ति मे मतम्। सर्वज्ञानविमूढांस्तान् विद्धि नष्टानचेतसः ॥३२॥
Those who don't follow my teachings, because of envy, recognize such deluded to be devoid of all knowledge and are destined to ruin without proper awareness.
Gīta Bhāshya 3.31 and 32
Differentiating Action (Karma) and knowledge (Janana) as different paths to liberation is rejected. The action performed without expectation results in knowledge, which in turn results in the direct perception of truth and liberation.
फलमाह - ये मे इति॥
Results obtained are stated in 'yē ma' verse.
ये त्वेवं निवृत्तकर्मिणः तेऽपि मुच्यन्ते ज्ञानद्वारा। किमु अपरोक्ष ज्ञानिनः । न तु साधनान्तरम् उच्यते-
Those who perform actions without expectation get liberated through the transcendental knowledge gained. Then, it need not explicitly be stated for those with transcendental knowledge (that they will also get liberated). The verses are not trying to differentiate the practices (as action oriented and knowledge oriented).
"निवृत्तादीनि कर्माणि ह्यपरोक्षेशदृष्टये। अपरोक्षेशदृष्टिस्तु मुक्तौ किञ्चिन्नमार्गते॥ सर्वं तदन्तराधाय मुक्तये साधनं भवेत्। न किञ्चिदन्तराधाय निर्वाणायापरोक्षदृक्॥"
"The actions performed without expectation are indeed for the direct perception of truth. The direction perception will aid and definitely not come in the path of Moksha. All the transformation within will become an aid towards liberation. But for one who directly perceives needs nothing as internal support for liberation."
इति नारायणाष्टाक्षरकल्पे।
-states Nārāyana Ashtāksharakalpa
अत एव समुच्चय नियमोऽपि निराकृतः ॥३१, ३२॥
Therefore, even the rule that either (the path of action or path of knowledge could be adopted) is rejected. (Performing the prescribed actions without expectation results in transcendental knowledge, which in turn results in direction perception and liberation. This is the only path.)
