B.G 18.02

श्रीभगवानुवाच

śrībhagavānuvāca

[श्री (śrī) - auspicious; भगवान् (bhagavān) - the Lord; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

The auspicious Lord spoke:

काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं सन्यासं कवयो विदुः। सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं प्राहुस्त्यागं विचक्षणाः ॥२॥

kāmyānāṃ karmaṇāṃ nyāsaṃ sanyāsaṃ kavayo viduḥ। sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ prāhustyāgaṃ vicakṣaṇāḥ ॥2॥

[काम्यानाम् (kāmyānām) - of desired; कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions; न्यासम् (nyāsam) - renunce; सन्यासम् (sanyāsam) - complete renunciation; कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages; विदुः (viduḥ) - know; सर्व (sarva) - all; कर्म (karma) - actions; फल (phala) - fruits; त्यागम् (tyāgam) - abandonment; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - declare; त्यागम् (tyāgam) - renunciation; विचक्षणाः (vicakṣaṇāḥ) - wise ones;]

Sages understand the renuncement of actions arising from desire as true renunciation (saṃnyāsa), while the wise declare that giving up the fruits of all actions is relinquishment (tyāga).

Gīta Bhāshya 18.02

Renunciation (saṃnyāsa) involves giving up actions driven by desires, by not performing them and by not desiring their fruits. However, relinquishment (tyāga) is the giving up of the fruits of actions.

फलानिच्छया शअकरणेन वा काम्यकर्मणो न्यासः संन्यासः। त्यागस्तु फलत्याग एव। तथा हि प्राचीनशालश्रुतिः-

phalānicchayā śa-akaraṇena vā kāmyakarmaṇo nyāsaḥ saṃnyāsaḥ। tyāgastu phalatyāga eva। tathā hi prācīnaśālaśrutiḥ-

[फलानिच्छया (phalānicchayā) - without desire for fruits; शअकरणेन (śa-akaraṇena) - by non-performance; वा (vā) - or; काम्यकर्मणः (kāmyakarmaṇaḥ) - of desire-driven actions; न्यासः (nyāsaḥ) - renunciation; संन्यासः (saṃnyāsaḥ) - renunciation; त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - relinquishment; तु (tu) - but; फलत्यागः (phalatyāgaḥ) - renunciation of fruits; एव (eva) - indeed; तथा (tathā) - thus; हि (hi) - for; प्राचीनशालश्रुतिः (prācīnaśālaśrutiḥ) - ancient school scripture;]

Renunciation (saṃnyāsa) involves giving up actions driven by desires, by not performing them and by not desiring their fruits. However, relinquishment (tyāga) is the giving up of the fruits of actions. The prācīnaśāla scripture states the following:

"अनिच्छयाऽकर्मणा वापि काम्यकर्मन्यासो न्यासः फलं त्यागस्तु त्यागः॥"

"anicchayā'karmanā vāpi kāmyakarmanyāso nyāsaḥ phalaṃ tyāgastu tyāgaḥ॥"

[अनिच्छया (anicchayā) - without desire; अकर्मणा (akarmanā) - by inaction; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; काम्यकर्मन्यासः (kāmyakarmanyāsaḥ) - renunciation of desire-driven actions; न्यासः (nyāsaḥ) - renunciation; फलं (phalaṃ) - fruit; त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - renunciation; तु (tu) - but; त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - renunciation;]

"By not desiring, by not performing or abandoning actions driven with desire - is renunciation; however, relinquishment is the relinquishment of the fruits of actions."

इति॥२॥

iti॥2॥

[इति (iti) - thus;]

- stated thus.