Section Three (तृतीयः खण्डः)
ब्रह्म ह देवेभ्यो विजिग्ये। तस्य ह ब्रह्मणो विजये देवा अमहीयन्त ॥१॥
brahma ha devebhyaḥ vijigye. tasya ha brahmaṇo vijaye devā amahīyanta ॥1॥
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Brahman; ह (ha) - indeed; देवेभ्यः (devebhyaḥ) - over the gods; विजिग्ये (vijigye) - triumphed. तस्य (tasya) - of that; ह (ha) - indeed; ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of the Brahman; विजये (vijaye) - in the victory; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; अमहीयन्त (amahīyanta) - rejoiced.]
The Brahman indeed ('ha') triumphed over the gods. In that victory of the Brahman, the gods rejoiced.
त ऐक्षन्तास्माकमेवायं विजयोऽस्माकमेवायं महिमेति। तद्धैषां विजज्ञौ ॥२॥
ta aikṣanta asmākam eva ayaṁ vijayaḥ asmākam eva ayaṁ mahimā iti. tad ha eṣām vijajñau ॥2॥
[ते (te) - they; ऐक्षन्त (aikṣanta) - saw/thought; अस्माकम् (asmākam) - ours; एव (eva) - alone; अयं (ayaṁ) - this; विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory; अस्माकम् (asmākam) - ours; एव (eva) - alone; अयं (ayaṁ) - this; महिमा (mahimā) - glory; इति (iti) - thus. तत् (tat) - that (Brahman); ह (ha) - indeed, 'ha'; एषाम् (eṣām) - them; विजज्ञौ (vijajñau) - he understood well.]
They saw it as , “This victory is ours alone; this glory is ours alone.” But He (the Brahman) indeed ('ha') understood them well.
तेभ्यो ह प्रादुर्बभूव। तन्न व्यजानत - किमिदं यक्षमिति ॥३॥
tebhyaḥ ha prādurbabhūva. tan na vyajānata kim idam yakṣam iti ॥3॥
[तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - before them; ह (ha) - indeed; प्रादुर्बभूव (prādurbabhūva) - appeared; तत् (tat) - that; न (na) - not; व्यजानत (vyajānata) - they knew; किम् (kim) - what; इदम् (idam) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus.]
It (the Brahman) indeed ('ha') appeared before them. They did not recognize what this wondrous being was.
तेऽग्निमब्रुवन् - जातवेद एतद् विजानीहि किमेतद् यक्षमिति। तथेति तदभ्यद्रवत्। तमभ्यवदत् कोऽसीति ॥४॥
te agnim abruvan - jātaveda etad vijānīhi kim etad yakṣam iti. tathā iti tat abhyadravat. tam abhyavadat ko asi iti ॥4॥
[ते (te) - they; अग्निम् (agnim) - to Agni; अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - said; जातवेद (jātaveda) - O knower of all births (Agni); एतत् (etat) - this; विजानीहि (vijānīhi) - know; किम् (kim) - what; एतत् (etat) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus. तथा (tathā) - so; इति (iti) - thus; तत् (tat) - to it; अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he approached; तम् (tam) - to him (Agni); अभ्यवदत् (abhyavadat) - it said; कः (kaḥ) - who; असी (asi) - are you; इति (iti) - thus.]
They said to Agni: “O Jātaveda, find out what this wondrous being is.” He said, “So be it,” and approached it. It (the wondrous being) asked him, “Who are you?”
अग्निर्वा अहमस्मीत्यब्रवीज्जातवेदा वा अहमस्मीति। तस्मिन् त्वयि किं वीर्यमित्यपि ॥५॥
agnir vā aham asmi iti abravīt jātaveda vā aham asmi iti. tasmin tvayi kiṁ vīryam iti api ॥5॥
[अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; वा (vā) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; अस्मि (asmi) - am; इति (iti) - thus; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; जातवेदाः (jātavedāḥ) - the all-knowing one; वा (vā) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; अस्मि (asmi) - am; इति (iti) - thus. तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; किम् (kim) - what; वीर्यम् (vīryam) - power; इति (iti) - thus; अपि (api) - also.]
He said, “I am Agni; I am Jātaveda indeed (vā).” It (the wondrous being) then asked, “What power is there in you?”
इदं सर्वं दहेयं यदिदं पृथिव्यामिति। तस्मै तृणं निदधावेतद् दहेति ॥६॥
idaṁ sarvaṁ daheyaṁ yad idaṁ pṛthivyām iti. tasmai tṛṇaṁ nidadhāva etat daheti ॥6॥
[इदं (idaṁ) - this; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; दहेयम् (daheyaṁ) - I can burn; यत् (yat) - whatever; इदं (idam) - this; पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth; इति (iti) - thus. तस्मै (tasmai) - to him; तृणम् (tṛṇam) - a blade of grass; निदधौ (nidadhau) - he placed; एतत् (etat) - this; दहेहि (daheti) - burn.]
He said, “I can burn all this that is on the earth.” Then it (the wondrous being) placed a blade of grass before him and said, “Burn this.”
तदुपप्रेयाय सर्वजवेन तन्न शशाक दग्धुम्। स तत एव निववृते नैतदशकं विज्ञातुं यदेतद् यक्षमिति ॥७॥
tad upapreyāya sarva-javena. tan na śaśāka dagdhum. sa tata eva nivavṛte. na etad aśakaṁ vijñātum yad etad yakṣam iti ॥7॥
[तत् (tat) - to that (blade of grass); उपप्रेयाय (upapreyāya) - he approached; सर्वजवेन (sarva-javena) - with all speed; तत् (tat) - that; न (na) - not; शशाक (śaśāka) - was able; दग्धुम् (dagdhum) - to burn. सः (saḥ) - he; ततः (tataḥ) - from there; एव (eva) - indeed; निववृते (nivavṛte) - turned back. न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; अशकं (aśakaṁ) - was able; विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know; यत् (yat) - what; एतत् (etat) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus.]
He approached it with all speed but was not able to burn it. He then returned from there, unable to know what that wondrous being was.
अथ वायुमब्रुवन् - वायवेतद् विजानीहि किमेतद् यक्षमिति। तथेति तदभ्यद्रवत् तमभ्यवदत् कोऽसीति ॥८॥
atha vāyum abruvan - vāyav etad vijānīhi kim etad yakṣam iti. tathā iti tat abhyadravat. tam abhyavadat ko asi iti ॥8॥
[अथ (atha) - then; वायुम् (vāyum) - to Vāyu (the wind-god); अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said; वायो (vāyo) - O Vāyu; एतत् (etat) - this; विजानीहि (vijānīhi) - find out; किम् (kim) - what; एतत् (etat) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus. तथा (tathā) - so; इति (iti) - thus; तत् (tat) - to it; अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he approached; तम् (tam) - to him; अभ्यवदत् (abhyavadat) - it said; कः (kaḥ) - who; असी (asi) - are you; इति (iti) - thus.]
Then they said to Vāyu: “O Vāyu, find out what this wondrous being is.” He said, “So be it,” and approached it. It (the wondrous being) asked him, “Who are you?”
वायुर्वा अहमस्मीत्यब्रवीन्नातरिश्वा वा अहमस्मीति। तस्मिन् त्वयि किं वीर्यमित्यपि ॥९॥
vāyuḥ vā aham asmi iti abravīn ātariśvā vā aham asmi iti. tasmin tvayi kiṁ vīryam iti api ॥9॥
[वायुः (vāyuḥ) - Vāyu (wind-god); वा (vā) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; अस्मि (asmi) - am; इति (iti) - thus; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; आतरिक्शा (ātariśvā) - Ātariśvā (another name of Vāyu, the pervader); वा (vā) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; अस्मि (asmi) - am; इति (iti) - thus. तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; किम् (kim) - what; वीर्यम् (vīryam) - power; इति (iti) - thus; अपि (api) - also.]
Vāyu said, “I am Vāyu; I am Ātariśvā indeed ('vā').” It then asked him, “What power is there in you?”
इदं सर्वमाददीयं यदिदं पृथिव्यामिति। तस्मै तृणं निदधावेतदादत्स्वेति ॥१०॥
idaṁ sarvam ādadīyaṁ yad idaṁ pṛthivyām iti. tasmai tṛṇaṁ nidadhau etat ādatsva iti ॥10॥
[इदं (idaṁ) - this; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आददीयम् (ādadīyaṁ) - I can carry away; यत् (yat) - whatever; इदं (idam) - this; पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth; इति (iti) - thus. तस्मै (tasmai) - to him; तृणम् (tṛṇam) - a blade of grass; निदधौ (nidadhau) - he placed; एतत् (etat) - this; आदत्स्व (ādatsva) - take it up; इति (iti) - thus.]
He said, “I can carry away all this that is on the earth.” Then it (the wondrous being) placed a blade of grass before him and said, “Take this up.”
तदुपप्रेयाय सर्वजवेन तन्न शशाकाऽदातुम्। स तत एव निववृते नैतदशकं विज्ञातुं यदेतद् यक्षमिति ॥११॥
tad upapreyāya sarva-javena. tan na śaśāka ādātum. sa tata eva nivavṛte. na etad aśakaṁ vijñātum yad etad yakṣam iti ॥11॥
[तत् (tat) - to that (blade of grass); उपप्रेयाय (upapreyāya) - he approached; सर्वजवेन (sarva-javena) - with all speed; तत् (tat) - that; न (na) - not; शशाक (śaśāka) - was able; आदातुम् (ādātum) - to take up. सः (saḥ) - he; ततः (tataḥ) - from there; एव (eva) - indeed; निववृते (nivavṛte) - turned back. न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; अशकं (aśakaṁ) - was able; विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know; यत् (yat) - what; एतत् (etat) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus.]
He approached it with all speed but was not able to take it up. He then returned from there, unable to know what that wondrous being was.
अथेन्द्रमब्रुवन् - मघवन्नेतद् विजानीहि किमेतद् यक्षमिति। तथेति तदभ्यद्रवत् तस्मात् तिरोदधे ॥१२॥
atha indram abruvan - maghavan etad vijānīhi kim etad yakṣam iti. tathā iti tat abhyadravat. tasmāt tirodadhē ॥12॥
[अथ (atha) - then; इन्द्रम् (indram) - to Indra; अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said; मघवन् (maghavan) - O Maghavan (Indra); एतत् (etat) - this; विजानीहि (vijānīhi) - find out; किम् (kim) - what; एतत् (etat) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus. तथा (tathā) - so; इति (iti) - thus; तत् (tat) - to it; अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he approached; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from him; तिरोदधे (tirodadhe) - it disappeared.]
Then they said to Indra: “O Maghavan, find out what this wondrous being is.” He said, “So be it,” and approached it — but it disappeared from him.
स तस्मिन्नेवाऽकाशे स्त्रियमाजगाम बहुशोभमानामुमां हैमवतीम्। तां होवाच - किमेतद् यक्षमिति ॥१३॥
sa tasmin eva ākāśe striyam ājagāma bahuśobhamānām umām haimavatīm. tām hovāca - kim etad yakṣam iti ॥13॥
[सः (saḥ) - he (Indra); तस्मिन् एव (tasmin eva) - in that very; आकाशे (ākāśe) - space; स्त्रियम् (striyam) - a woman; आजगाम (ājagāma) - approached; बहुशोभमानाम् (bahuśobhamānām) - exceedingly radiant; उमान् (umām) - Umā; हैमवतीम् (haimavatīm) - daughter of Himavat. ताम् (tām) - to her; होवाच (hovāca) - he said; किम् (kim) - what; एतत् (etat) - this; यक्षम् (yakṣam) - wondrous being; इति (iti) - thus.]
He was then approached in that very space by a woman, exceedingly radiant — Umā, the daughter of Himavat. To her he asked, “What was this wondrous being?”
Section Three Bhāshya
...इत्यत्राऽख्यायिकां वच्मि शृणु तां त्वं महेश्वर। स्थित्वा देवेषु तद्ब्रह्म व्यजयद् दैत्यदानवान्॥
...ity atrā'khyāyikāṁ vacmi śṛṇu tāṁ tvaṁ maheśvara. sthitvā deveṣu tad brahma vyajayad daitya-dānavān॥
[इति (iti) - thus; अत्र (atra) - here; आख्यायिकाम् (ākhyāyikām) - a narrative; वच्मि (vacmi) - I shall tell; शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen; ताम् (tām) - that; त्वम् (tvam) - you; महेश्वर (maheśvara) - O great Lord; स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having taken place; देवेषु (deveṣu) - among the gods; तत् (tat) - that; ब्रह्म (brahma) - supreme reality; व्यजयत् (vyajayat) - conquered; दैत्य-दानवान् (daitya-dānavān) - the daityas and dānavas;]
...Thus (to illustrate it is impossible to comprahend the Brahman completely), here I shall narrate a tale — listen to it, O Maheśvara. That Supreme Brahman, having taken form among the gods, conquered the Daityas and Dānavas.
देवेभ्योऽर्थाय विजयं ते देवा मेनिरे स्वकम्। आविष्टा असुरैस्तेषां प्रबोधाय जनार्दनः॥
devebhyo’rthāya vijayaṁ te devā menire svakam. āviṣṭā asuraiḥ teṣāṁ prabodhāya janārdanaḥ॥
[देवेभ्यः (devebhyaḥ) - for the gods; अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the wellbeing; विजयम् (vijayam) - victory; ते (te) - those; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; मेनिरे (menire) - considered; स्वकम् (svakam) - their own; आविष्टाः (āviṣṭāḥ) - possessed; असुरैः (asuraiḥ) - by demons; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; प्रबोधाय (prabodhāya) - for enlightening; जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (Viṣṇu);]
The gods considered the victory achieved for their wellbeing as their own; but when they were overpowered by the demons, lord Janārdana (Viṣṇu) came to enlighten them.
यक्षरूपः प्रादुरभूदुमाशिवसमन्वितः। ब्रह्मणा चापि सहित एतेभ्योऽपि परो ह्यहम्॥
yakṣa-rūpaḥ prādurabhūd umā-śiva-samanvitaḥ. brahmaṇā ca api sahita etebhyaḥ api paraḥ hi aham॥
[यक्ष-रूपः (yakṣa-rūpaḥ) - in the form of a Yakṣa; प्रादुरभूत् (prādurabhūt) - appeared; उमा-शिव-समन्वितः (umā-śiva-samanvitaḥ) - accompanied by Umā and Śiva; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - with Brahmā; च अपि (ca api) - also; सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied; एतेभ्यः अपि (etebhyaḥ api) - even beyond these (gods); परः (paraḥ) - superior; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I am;]
He appeared in the form of a Yakṣa, the wondrous being, accompanied by Umā and Śiva, and even with Brahmā — saying, “I am indeed beyond even these (gods).”
एतेऽपि मे भृत्यभूताः परिवार्य व्यवस्थिताः। इति ज्ञापयितुं विष्णुः सह तैरप्युपागतः॥
ete’pi me bhṛtya-bhūtāḥ parivārya vyavasthitāḥ. iti jñāpayituṁ viṣṇuḥ saha taiḥ api upāgataḥ॥
[एते अपि (ete api) - even these; मे (me) - my; भृत्य-भूताः (bhṛtya-bhūtāḥ) - have become servants; परिवार्य (parivārya) - encircling (me); व्यवस्थिताः (vyavasthitāḥ) - are stationed; इति (iti) - thus; ज्ञापयितुम् (jñāpayitum) - to make known; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Viṣṇu; सह तैः अपि (saha taiḥ api) - along with even them; उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - arrived;]
Even these have become my servants and stand around Me. To make this known, Viṣṇu arrived along with them.
यूयमेतानपि ज्ञातुमशक्ताः किमु मामिति। तज्ज्ञानार्थं हुताशश्च नासिक्यो वायुरेव च॥
yūyam etān api jñātum aśaktāḥ kimu mām iti. tat-jñānārthaṁ hutāśaḥ ca nāsikyaḥ vāyuḥ eva ca॥
[यूयम् (yūyam) - you; एतान् अपि (etān api) - even these; ज्ञातुम् अशक्ताः (jñātum aśaktāḥ) - are unable to know; किमु माम् (kimu mām) - what then of me?; इति (iti) - thus; तत्-ज्ञान-अर्थम् (tat-jñāna-artham) - for the sake of knowing that; हुताशः (hutāśaḥ) - Fire (Agni); च (ca) - and; नासिक्यः (nāsikyaḥ) - Nāsikya (a name or epithet); वायुः एव च (vāyuḥ eva ca) - and indeed Vāyu;]
You are unable to comprehend even these (Umā and Śiva, and Brahmā) — what then of Me? Thus, to realize this truth, Fire (Agni), Nāsikya, and Vāyu approached Him.
इन्द्रश्च क्रमशो जग्मुस्तं ज्ञातुं नैव चाशकन्। तत्रेन्द्रोऽधिकबुद्धित्वात् पृच्छतीति जनार्दनः॥ मत्तः शिवाद् ब्रह्मणश्च श्रोतुं नैवापि शक्तिमान्। इति ज्ञापयितुं तत्र नादृश्यत स केशवः॥ एषैव ज्ञानदाने ते योग्यो मे इति व्यदर्शयत्॥ ...
indraś ca kramaśo jagmus taṁ jñātuṁ naiva ca aśakan। tatra indraḥ adhika-buddhitvāt pṛcchati iti janārdanaḥ॥ mattaḥ śivāt brahmaṇaś ca śrotuṁ na eva api śaktimān। iti jñāpayituṁ tatra na adṛśyata sa keśavaḥ॥ eṣa eva jñāna-dāne te yogyaḥ me iti vyadarśayat॥ ...
[इन्द्रः च (indraḥ ca) - and Indra; क्रमशः (kramaśaḥ) - in due order; जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went; तम् (tam) - to him (the Yakṣa); ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know; न एव (na eva) - not at all; अशकन् (aśakan) - were able; तत्र (tatra) - there; इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; अधिक-बुद्धित्वात् (adhika-buddhitvāt) - due to superior intellect; पृच्छति (pṛcchati) - asked; इति (iti) - thus; जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (narrates); मत्तः (mattaḥ) - from me; शिवात् (śivāt) - from Śiva; ब्रह्मणः च (brahmaṇaḥ ca) - and from Brahmā; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear or comprehend; न एव अपि (na eva api) - not even; शक्तिमान् (śaktimān) - capable; इति (iti) - thus; ज्ञापयितुम् (jñāpayitum) - to make known; तत्र (tatra) - there; न अदृश्यत (na adṛśyata) - was not seen; सः (saḥ) - he; केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Viṣṇu); एषा एव (eṣa eva) - this one alone; ज्ञान-दाने (jñāna-dāne) - for the giving of knowledge; ते (te) - to you; योग्यः (yogyaḥ) - is fit or worthy; मे (me) - of me; इति (iti) - thus; व्यदर्शयत् (vyadarśayat) - he revealed or showed;]
Indra too went in turn to know Him, but none were able to. Keśava disappeared from that place to make known, not even Śiva or Brahmā are capable of comprehending Me. There, Indra, due to his superior intellect asked. Then thinking “This one alone is worthy of receiving knowledge”, Janārdana revealed the truth (through Uma). ...
[...इत्यादि ब्रह्मसारे॥]
[]...ityādi brahmasāre॥]
[इति (iti) - thus; आदि (ādi) - and so on; ब्रह्मसारे (brahma-sāre) - in the essence of Brahman.]
[-stated thus in the testimonial brahma-sāra.]
॥ इति तृतीयः खण्डः ॥
॥ iti tṛtīyaḥ khaṇḍaḥ ॥
Thus ends the third section.
