B.G 8.17, 18, 19 and 20
सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद्ब्रह्मणो विदुः। रात्रिं युगसहस्रान्तां तेऽहोरात्रविदो जनाः ॥१७॥
sahasrayugaparyantamaharyadbrahmaṇo viduḥ। rātriṁ yugasahasrāntāṁ te'horātravido janāḥ ॥17॥
[सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तम् (sahasra-yuga-paryantam) - lasting for a thousand yugas; अहः (ahaḥ) - day; यत् (yat) - which; ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā; विदुः (viduḥ) - (they) know; रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night; युगसहस्रान्ताम् (yuga-sahasra-antām) - ending in a thousand yugas; ते (te) - they; अहोरात्रविदः (ahorātra-vidaḥ) - knowers of day and night; जनाः (janāḥ) - people;]
Those who know the nature of day and night understand that the day of Brahmā lasts for a thousand yugas, and his night also ends after a thousand yugas.
अव्यक्ताद् व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे। रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसञ्ज्ञके ॥१८॥
avyaktād vyaktayaḥ sarvāḥ prabhavantyaharāgame। rātryāgame pralīyante tatraivāvyaktasañjñake ॥18॥
[अव्यक्तात् (avyaktāt) - From the unmanifest; व्यक्तयः (vyaktayaḥ) - Manifest beings; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - All; प्रभवन्ति (prabhavanti) - Originate; अहः-आगमे (ahaḥ-āgame) - At the arrival of the day (of Brahmā); रात्रि-आगमे (rātri-āgame) - At the arrival of the night (of Brahmā); प्रलीयन्ते (pralīyante) - They dissolve; तत्र (tatra) - There; एव (eva) - Indeed; अव्यक्त-सञ्ज्ञके (avyakta-sañjñake) - In that which is called the unmanifest;]
From the unmanifest, all manifest beings arise at the beginning of the day (of Brahmā), and at the arrival of the night, they dissolve back into that which is called the unmanifest.
भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते। रात्र्यागमेऽवशः पार्थ प्रभवत्यहरागमे ॥१९॥
bhūtagrāmaḥ sa evāyaṁ bhūtvā bhūtvā pralīyate। rātryāgame'vaśaḥ pārtha prabhavatyaharāgame ॥19॥
[भूतग्रामः (bhūta-grāmaḥ) - The multitude of beings; सः (saḥ) - That; एव (eva) - Indeed; अयम् (ayam) - This; भूत्वा भूत्वा (bhūtvā bhūtvā) - Being born again and again; प्रलीयते (pralīyate) - Dissolves; रात्र्यागमे (rātry-āgame) - At the arrival of the night (of Brahmā); अवशः (avaśaḥ) - Helplessly; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna); प्रभवति (prabhavati) - Comes into existence; अहः-आगमे (ahaḥ-āgame) - At the arrival of the day (of Brahmā);]
O Pārtha (Arjuna), this multitude of beings, being born again and again, dissolves at the arrival of the night (of Brahmā) helplessly, and at the arrival of the day, it comes into existence again.
परस्तस्मात्तु भावोऽन्योव्यक्तो व्यक्तात् सनातनः। यः स सर्वेषु भूतेषु नश्यत्सु न विनश्यति ॥२०॥
parastasmāttu bhāvo'nyovyakto vyaktāt sanātanaḥ। yaḥ sa sarveṣu bhūteṣu naśyatsu na vinaśyati ॥20॥
[परः (paraḥ) - Beyond; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - That (manifest and unmanifest world); तु (tu) - However; भावः (bhāvaḥ) - Existence; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - Another; अव्यक्तः (avyaktaḥ) - Unmanifest; व्यक्तात् (vyaktāt) - Than the manifest; सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - Eternal; यः (yaḥ) - That which; सः (saḥ) - It; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - In all; भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - Beings; नश्यत्सु (naśyatsu) - When they perish; न (na) - Not; विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - Perishes;]
But beyond that unmanifest (existence), there is another eternal unmanifest reality, which does not perish even when all beings perish.
Gīta Tātparya 8.17, 18, 19 and 20
The Supreme Brahman is not destroyed when the dissolution of all manifested beings occurs. 'sahasra' - many or infinite. 'brahmaṇa' - the Supreme Brahman.
सहस्रमिति बह्वेव। ब्रह्मणः परब्रह्मणः।
sahasramiti bahveva। brahmaṇaḥ parabrahmaṇaḥ।
[सहस्रम् (sahasram) - A thousand; इति (iti) - thus; बहु (bahu) - many; एव (eva) - indeed; ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā; परब्रह्मणः (parabrahmaṇaḥ) - of the Supreme Brahman;]
"Sahasram" (a thousand) signifies multitude or infinite. It word 'brahmaṇa' refers to the Supreme Brahman.
"अव्यक्ताद् व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे। रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसञ्ज्ञके॥"
"avyaktād vyaktayaḥ sarvāḥ prabhavantyaharāgame। rātryāgame pralīyante tatraivāvyaktasañjñake॥"
[अव्यक्तात् (avyaktāt) - From the unmanifest; व्यक्तयः (vyaktayaḥ) - Manifest beings; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - All; प्रभवन्ति (prabhavanti) - Arise; अहः (ahaḥ) - Day; आगमे (āgame) - At the arrival; रात्रेः (rātreḥ) - Of the night; आगमे (āgame) - At the arrival; प्रलीयन्ते (pralīyante) - Dissolve; तत्र (tatra) - There; एव (eva) - Indeed; अव्यक्त (avyakta) - The unmanifest; सञ्ज्ञके (sañjñake) - Called as;]
"All manifest beings arise from the unmanifest at the arrival of the day. At the arrival of the night, they dissolve into that very unmanifest, which is so designated."
इति वाक्यशेषात्।
iti vākyaśeṣāt।
[इति (iti) - Thus; वाक्यशेषात् (vākyaśeṣāt) - From the remainder of the statement;]
- stated thus in the remainder of the statement.
न हि विरिञ्चाहन्येव सर्वव्यक्तलयः।
na hi viriñcāhanyeva sarvavyaktalayaḥ।
[न (na) - Not; हि (hi) - Indeed; विरिञ्च (viriñca) - Brahmā; अहनि (ahani) - On the day; एव (eva) - Only; सर्व (sarva) - All; व्यक्त (vyakta) - Manifested beings; लयः (layaḥ) - Dissolution;]
Indeed, the Brahman is not destroyed when the dissolution of all manifested beings occurs.
"नित्यस्यापि हरेः कालो द्विपरार्धात्मकस्त्वयम्। अहःश्चासौ निमेषश्चेत्यप्रवृत्त्योपचर्यते॥"
"nityasyāpi hareḥ kālo dviparārdhātmakastvayam। ahaḥścāsau nimeṣaścetyapravr̥ttyopacaryate॥"
[नित्यस्य (nityasya) - Of the eternal one; अपि (api) - Even; हरेः (hareḥ) - Of Lord Hari; कालः (kālaḥ) - Time; द्विपरार्धात्मकः (dviparārdhātmakaḥ) - Consisting of two parārddhas; तु (tu) - Indeed; अयम् (ayam) - This; अहः (ahaḥ) - Day; च (ca) - And; असौ (asau) - That / night; निमेषः (nimeṣaḥ) - A blink of an eye; चेत् (cet) - If; अप्रवृत्त्या (apravṛttyā) - Due to inactivity; उपचर्यते (upacaryate) - Is considered;]
"Even though Lord Hari is eternal, His time is considered in terms of two parārddhas each for a day and night. It is indeed a mere blink of an eye for the inactive One."
इति च ॥१७॥
iti ca ॥17॥
[इति (iti) - Thus; च (ca) - And;]
- stated thus as well.
