B.G 16.01, 02 and 03

śrībhagavānuvāca

The Auspicious Lord said:

abhayaṁ sattvasaṁśuddhirjñānayogavyavasthitiḥ। dānaṁ damaśca yajñaśca svādhyāyastapa ārjavam ॥1॥

ahiṁsā satyamakrodhastyāgaḥ śāntirapaiśunam। dayā bhūteṣvalolutvaṁ mārdavaṁ hrīracāpalam ॥2॥

tejaḥ kṣamā dhṛtiḥ śaucamadroho nātimānitā। bhavanti sampadaṃ daivīmabhijātasya bhārata ॥3॥

O Bharata, Fearlessness, purity of mind, complete purification, knowledge, steadiness in yoga, charity, self-control, sacrifice, self-study, austerity, uprightness, non-violence, truth, absence of anger, renunciation, peace, non-slander, compassion towards beings, absence of greed, gentleness, modesty, absence of fickleness, brilliance, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, non-malice, and humility are the divine qualities of those who are born with a divine nature.

Gīta Bhāshya 16.01, 02 and 03

This chapter elaborates on the means and those that are opposed to the means for attainment of man's aim.
'tapa' i.e. austerities, practices beginning with celibacy; 'paiśunaṃ' i.e. slander, speech recounting the faults of others spoken with the malicious intention of causing harm; 'laulyaṁ' i.e. fickleness, conveys attachment; 'acāpalaṁ' i.e. non-fickle state, implies firmness; 'kṣamā' i.e. forgiveness, achieved by giving up anger and not retaliating against the wrong-doer.

pumarthasādhanavirodhīni anenādhyāyena darśayati-

This chapter elaborates on the means and those that are opposed to the means for attainment of man's aim.

tapo brahmacaryādi।

The word 'tapa' i.e. austerity implies practices such as celibacy and others.

"brahmacaryādikaṃ tapaḥ"

"The 'tapa' is austerities begins with celibacy."

ityabhidhānam ॥1॥

- it is declared thus.

paiśunaṃ paropadravanimittadoṣāṇāṃ rājādeḥ kathanam।

The word 'paiśunam' i.e. slander, implies narrating the faults of kings and others with the intent to cause harm.

"paropadravahetūnāṃ doṣāṇāṃ paiśunaṃ vacaḥ। rājādestu madādbhīteradṛṣṭirdarpa ucyate॥"

"The word 'paiśunaṃ' is the speech recounting the faults of others spoken with the malicious intention of causing harm. The arrogance of rulers is often due to their intoxication and fear, leading to a lack of vision."

ityabhidhānāt।

- it is declared thus.

laulyaṁ rāgaḥ।

The word 'laulyaṁ', i.e. fickleness, is used to convey attachment.

rāgo laulyaṃ tathā raktiḥ

"Attachment, fickleness, and affection are interconnected emotions."

ityabhidhānāt।

- it is declared thus.

acāpalaṁ sthairyam।

The word 'acāpalaṁ' means firmness.

capalaścañcalo'sthiraḥ

"'capalaḥ' i.e. fickle, 'cañcalaḥ' i.e. unsteady, conveys an unstable state."

ityabhidhānāt ॥2॥

- it is declared thus.

kṣamā tu krodhābhāvena saha apakartuḥ anapakāraḥ।

The quality of 'kṣamā' i.e. forgiveness, is achieved by giving up anger and not retaliating against the wrong-doer.

"akrodho doṣakṛcchatroḥ kṣamāvān sa nigadyate।"

"He who is free from anger and forgives even the faults of his enemies is called 'kṣamāvān' i.e. a forgiving person."

ityabhidhānāt ॥3॥

- it is declared thus.