B.G 6.46 and 6.47
तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः। कर्मिभ्यश्चाधिको योगी तस्माद्योगी भवार्जुन ॥४६॥
tapasvibhyo'dhiko yogī jñānibhyo'pi mato'dhikaḥ। karmibhyaścādhiko yogī tasmādyogī bhavārjuna ॥46॥
[तपस्विभ्यः अधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्यः अपि मतः अधिकः। कर्मिभ्यः च अधिको योगी तस्मात् योगी भव अर्जुन॥
तपस्विभ्यः (tapasvibhyaḥ) - from ascetics; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - greater; योगी (yogī) - a yogi; ज्ञानिभ्यः (jñānibhyaḥ) - from those possessing knowledge; अपि (api) - even; मतः (mataḥ) - considered; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - greater; कर्मिभ्यः (karmibhyaḥ) - from those performing rituals; च (ca) - and; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - greater; योगी (yogī) - a yogi; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; योगी (yogī) - a yogi; भव (bhava) - be; अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna.]
The real Yogi is greater than the ascetics, greater even than those possessing knowledge, and greater than those who perform rituals. Therefore, O Arjuna, you better develop to be a Yogi.
योगिनामपि सर्वेषां मद्गतेनान्तरात्मना। श्रद्धावान् भजते यो मां स मे युक्ततमो मतः ॥४७॥
yogināmapi sarveṣāṁ madgatenāntarātmanā। śraddhāvān bhajate yo māṁ sa me yuktatamo mataḥ ॥47॥
[योगिनाम् अपि सर्वेषां मत् गतेन अन्तरात्मना। श्रद्धावान् भजते यो मां स मे युक्त तमो मतः॥
योगिनाम् (yoginām) - among yogis; अपि (api) - even; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; मत् (mat) - in Me; गतेन (gatena) - with one who is absorbed; अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - with inner self; श्रद्धावान् (śraddhāvān) - one with faith; भजते (bhajate) - who worships; यः (yaḥ) - who; मां (mām) - Me; सः (saḥ) - he; मे (me) - to Me; युक्ततमः (yuktatamaḥ) - the most united, the highest in yoga; मतः (mataḥ) - considered.]
Among all Yogis, the one who, with faith, worships Me with his inner self absorbed in Me, is considered by Me to be the most perfect Yogi.
Gīta Bhāshya 6.46 and 6.47
Quoting testimonials from Garuda and Narada Purana, the emphasis is placed on gaining direct experience of meditating on Lord Hari with knowledge.
ज्ञानिभ्यः योगज्ञानिभ्यः। तपस्विभ्यः कृच्छ्रादिचारिभ्यः। उक्तं च-
jñānibhyaḥ yogajñānibhyaḥ। tapasvibhyaḥ kr̥cchrādicāribhyaḥ। uktaṁ ca -
[ज्ञानिभ्यः (jñānibhyaḥ) - the word 'jñānibhyaḥ' refers to; योगज्ञानिभ्यः (yogajñānibhyaḥ) - those who possess knowledge of yoga; तपस्विभ्यः (tapasvibhyaḥ) - the word 'tapasvibhyaḥ' refers to; कृच्छ्रादिचारिभ्यः (kṛcchrādi-cāribhyah) - those who undertake severe penances and hardships; उक्तं (uktaṁ) - it has been said; च (ca) - and;]
The word 'jñānibhyaḥ' refers to those who possess the knowledge of yoga. The word 'tapasvibhyaḥ' refers to those who undertake severe penances and hardships. Regarding this matter, it is said:
"कृच्छ्रादेरपि यज्ञादेर्ध्यानयोगो विशिष्यते। तत्रापि शेष श्रीब्रह्मशिवादिध्यानतो हरेः। ध्यानं कोटिगुणं प्रोक्तमधिकं वा मुमुक्षुणाम्॥"
"kr̥cchrāderapi yajñāderdhyānayogo viśiṣyate। tatrāpi śeṣa śrībrahmaśivādidhyānato hareḥ। dhyānaṁ koṭiguṇaṁ proktamadhikaṁ vā mumukṣuṇām॥"
[कृच्छ्रादेरपि (kṛcchrāderapi) - even compared to severe penances; यज्ञादेः (yajñādeḥ) - than sacrifices and rituals; ध्यानयोगः (dhyānayogaḥ) - the practice of meditation and yoga; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - is superior; तत्रापि (tatrāpi) - even there; शेष (śeṣa) - the god Shesha; श्रीब्रह्मशिवादि (śrī-brahma-śiva-ādi) - of Brahma, Shiva, and others; ध्यानतः (dhyānataḥ) - in meditation upon; हरेः (hareḥ) - of Hari (Vishnu); ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; कोटिगुणम् (koṭi-guṇam) - multiplied by crores; प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - is said; अधिकम् (adhikam) - greater; वा (vā) - or; मुमुक्षुणाम् (mumukṣuṇām) - for those desiring liberation;]
"Compared to severe penances and sacrifices, the practice of meditation and yoga is superior. Even there, meditation on the divine form of lord Hari (Vishnu), who is greater than Shri, Brahma, Shesha, Shiva, and others, is considered exponentially superior for those desiring liberation."
इति गारुडे।
iti gāruḍe।
[इति गारुडे (iti gāruḍe) - stated thus in the Garuda Purana;]
- stated thus in the Garuda Purana.
"अज्ञात्वा ध्यायिनो ध्यानात् ज्ञानमेव विशिष्यते। ज्ञात्वा ध्यानं ज्ञानमात्राद् ध्यानादपि तु दर्शनम्। दर्शनादपि भक्तेश्च न किञ्चित् साधनाधिकम्॥"
"ajñātvā dhyāyino dhyānāt jñānameva viśiṣyate। jñātvā dhyānaṁ jñānamātrād dhyānādapi tu darśanam। darśanādapi bhakteśca na kiñcit sādhanādhikam॥"
[अज्ञात्वा (ajñātvā) - not knowing; ध्यायिनः (dhyāyinaḥ) - of those who meditate; ध्यानात् (dhyānāt) - from meditation; ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge; एव (eva) - alone; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - is superior; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - knowing; ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; ज्ञानमात्रात् (jñānamātrāt) - from mere knowledge; ध्यानात् (dhyānāt) - from meditation; अपि (api) - even; तु (tu) - but; दर्शनम् (darśanam) - vision or perception; दर्शनāt (darśanāt) - from perception; अपि (api) - even; भक्तः (bhaktaḥ) - the devotee; एश्च (eśaḥ) - and; न (na) - not; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; साधनाधिकम् (sādhanādhikam) - more than the practice;]
"Meditation with knowledge is superior to mere meditation without knowledge. However just theoretical knowledge is inferior compared to the direct experience gained from it. Even among the direct experiences, there is nothing superior compared to the one with devotion."
इति नारदीये॥४६, ४७॥
-iti nāradīye॥46, 47॥
[इति नारदीये (iti nāradiye) - stated thus in the Naradiya (or Naradiya Purana);]
- stated thus in the Naradiya (or Naradiya Purana).
॥इति श्रीमदानन्दतीर्थभगवत्पादाचार्यविरचिते श्रीभगवद्गीताभाष्ये षष्ठोध्यायः॥
॥iti śrīmadānandatīrthabhagavatpādācāryaviracite śrībhagavadgītābhāṣye ṣaṣṭhodhyāyaḥ॥
Thus ends the sixth chapter of the Bhagavad Gita commentary, composed by Shrimad Anandateertha (Shri Madhvacharya).
Gīta Tātparya 6.47
Testimonial from sage Dattatreya is quoted emphasizing gaining direct experience of meditating on Lord Hari with knowledge. Understanding all other principle deities are under the governance of Lord Hari is the right knowledge.
"तपसश्चैव यज्ञादेः ध्यानमेव विशिष्ठते। अज्ञानिध्यानतो ज्ञानं ध्यानं सज्ज्ञानमप्यतः॥ तत्रापि मय्यभक्तस्य नान्यद्ध्यानं प्रयोजकम्। अन्यसामान्यविद्यो मे यश्चान्यं नेति पश्यति॥
"tapasaścaiva yajñādeḥ dhyānameva viśiṣṭhate। ajñānidhyānato jñānaṁ dhyānaṁ sajjñānamapyataḥ॥ tatrāpi mayyabhaktasya nānyaddhyānaṁ prayojakam। anyasāmānyavidyo me yaścānyaṁ neti paśyati॥
[तपसश्चैव (tapasascāiva) - than penances and; यज्ञादेः (yajñādeḥ) - than sacrifices and rituals; ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; एव (eva) - alone; विशिष्ठते (viśiṣṭate) - is superior; अज्ञानिध्यानतः (ajñānidhyānataḥ) - from meditation based on ignorance; ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge; ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; सज्ज्ञानमपि (sajjñānamapi) - and also pure knowledge; अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; तत्रापि (tatrāpi) - even there; मय्यभक्तस्य (mayyabhaktasya) - of one devoted to Me; न (na) - not; अन्यत् (anyat) - any other; ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; प्रयोगकम् (prayojakam) - is useful; अन्यसामान्यविद्यो (anyasāmānyavidyo) - one with other ordinary knowledge; मे (me) - My; यश्च (yaśca) - and who; अन्यं (anyaṁ) - other; नेति (neti) - not; पश्यति (paśyati) - sees.
"Among the practices, compared to penances and sacrifices, meditation is superior. Even among meditators, those who meditate with knowledge are superior; and among them those with right knowledge. Even among such practices, the meditation on other deities is not useful for one devoted to Me, as he sees no other than Me.
अवरत्वदृगुदासीनो विद्वेषी चेत्यभक्तयः। मद्भक्तोऽपि हि कार्यार्थं यो ध्यायेदन्य देवताम्। परिवारतामृते तस्मात् केवलं मदुपासकः। वरोऽन्यान् मदधीनांश्च सर्वान् जानन् विशुद्धधीः॥"
avaratvadr̥gudāsīno vidveṣī cetyabhaktayaḥ। madbhakto'pi hi kāryārthaṁ yo dhyāyedanya devatām। parivāratāmr̥te tasmāt kevalaṁ madupāsakaḥ। varo'nyān madadhīnāṁśca sarvān jānan viśuddhadhīḥ॥"
अवरत्वदृगुदासीनो (avaratvadr̥kudāsīno) - who sees qually and indifferent; विद्वेषी (vidveṣī) - is hostile; चेत्यभक्तयः (cetyabhaktayaḥ) - is a non devotee; मद्भक्तः (madbhaktaḥ) - one who is devoted to Me; अपि (api) - even; हि (hi) - indeed; कार्यार्थम् (kāryārtham) - for a purpose; यो (yo) - who; ध्यायेत् (dhyāyet) - meditates; अन्य (anya) - on another; देवताम् (devatām) - deity; परिवारतामृते (parivāratāmṛte) - except for the devotion towards Me; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; केवलम् (kevalam) - only; मदुपासकः (madupāsakaḥ) - a worshipper of Me; वरः (varaḥ) - is superior; अन्यान् (anyān) - to others; मदधीनांश्च (madadhīnānśca) - and those dependent on Me; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; जानन् (jñānan) - knowing; विशुद्धधीः (viśuddhadhīḥ) - with a purified intellect;]
A person who sees all principles as equal and is indifferent is not a devotee. Even among my devotees, those who worship other principle deities for a specific purpose, thinking them to be under my subjugation, are inferior compared to those who worship me alone. Since I alone govern all principle deities, a devotee who worships only me with a purified intellect is considered supreme."
इति दत्तात्रेयवचनम् ॥४६,४७॥
iti dattātreyavacanam ॥46,47॥
[इति दत्तात्रेयवचनम् (iti dattātreyavacanam) - thus states the utterance of Dattatreya;]
- thus states the utterance of Dattatreya.
॥ इति श्रीमदानन्दतीर्थभगवत्पादाचार्यविरचिते श्रीभगवद्गीतातात्पर्यनिर्णये षष्ठोध्यायः ॥
॥ iti śrīmadānandatīrthabhagavatpādācāryaviracite śrībhagavadgītātātparyanirṇaye ṣaṣṭhodhyāyaḥ ॥
Thus ends the sixth chapter of the 'Tatparya Nirnaya' (the essence of the Bhagavad Gita), composed by Shrimad Anandatirtha (Shri Madhvacharya).
॥ ओं तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासु उपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे समाधियोगप्रपञ्चनं नाम षष्ठोध्यायः ॥
॥ oṁ tatsaditi śrīmadbhagavadgītāsu upaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṁ yogaśāstre śrīkr̥ṣṇārjunasaṁvāde samādhiyogaprapañcanaṁ nāma ṣaṣṭhodhyāyaḥ ॥
Om, thus ends the sixth chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, which is part of the Upanishads and the Yoga Shastra, in the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, known as the 'Samadhi Yoga Prapancha,' in the study of Brahma Vidya (knowledge of the Absolute).
