B.G 5.02

श्री भगवानुवाच
संन्यासः कर्मयोगश्च निःश्रेयसकरावुभौ। तयोस्तु कर्मसंन्यासात् कर्मयोगो विशिष्यते ॥२॥

The revered Lord Said:
Definitve good results from both Yōga-of-action and Yōga-of-renunciation. But, between the action and renunciation, the Yōga-of-action is special.

Gīta Bhāshya 5.02

The word 'saṁnyāsa' in the current context refers to dispassion. It does not refer to monkhood.

नायं संन्यासो यत्याश्रमः-

The word 'sanyasa', i.e. renunciation in the current context, does not mean monkhood, the fourth order of life.

"द्वन्द्वत्यागात् तु संन्यासात् मत्पूजैव गरीयसी॥"

इति वचनात्।

"Worship of Me is superior compared to giving up dualities because of renunciation."

- states a proverb.

"तानि वा एतान्यवराणि तपांसि न्यास एवात्यरेचयत्।"

इति च।

"He indeed advocated giving up of these lower forms of austerities."

-stated thus as well.

"संन्यासस्तु तुरीयो यो निष्क्रियाख्यः सधर्मकः। न तस्मादुत्तमो धर्मो लोके कश्चन विद्यते॥ तद्भक्तोपि हि यद्गच्छेत् तद्गृहस्थो न धार्मिकः। मद्भक्तिश्च विरक्तिस्तदधिकारो निगद्यते। यदाऽधिकारो भवति ब्रह्मचार्यपि प्रव्रजेत्॥"

इति नारदीये।

"Indeed, the fourth state, (turīya, i.e. beyond sleep, dream, and awake) which is identified with non-activity, has its own virtues. In the world, no other superior duty (dharma) comes to light compared to it. Even the householder, who is the follower of dharma, cannot go there, where the devotee goes. Dispassion is described as the eligibility to become my devotee. When a person becomes eligible, even a celibate student can take up monkhood."

-states Naradiya Purana.

"ब्रह्मचर्यादेव प्रव्रजेत्। यदहरेव विरजेत्॥"

इति च।

"Even from the celibate student phase, one can take up monkhood, just like the day that illuminates immediately."

-stated thus as well.

"संन्यासे तु तुरीये वै प्रीतिर्मम गरीयसी। येषामत्राधिकारो न तेषां कर्मेति निश्चयः॥"

इत्यादेश्च ब्राह्मे।

"Indeed, my affection towards monastic order is greater. Certainly there is no need to engage in worldly actions for those who are eligible for the fourth order (i.e. monkhood)."

- so commanded in the Brahmanda Purana.

अतो नात्र आश्रमः संन्यास उक्तः ॥२॥

Therefore, in this context, the fourth order of life, the monkhood, is not referenced.

Gīta Tātparya 5.02

Practice of renunciation without Yōga-of-Action leads to misery.

एकपुंयोग्यौ एतौ, तयोः मध्ये योग एव विशिष्टः इति परिहाराभिप्रायः। उभौ समुच्चितौ।

Both (renunciation and Yōga of action) are meant for that one purpose only (i.e. liberation). Indeed, among them, the Yōga of action is special and is the recommended solution. Regarding both:

"संन्यासस्तु महाबाहो दुःखमाप्तुमयोगत"

"O Arjuna, practice of renunciation without Yōga-of-Action leads to misery."

इति वक्ष्यमाणत्वात् ॥२॥

-it is told thus (at 5.6).