B.G 2.54
अर्जुन उवाच। स्थितप्रज्ञस्य का भाषा समाधिस्थस्य केशव। स्थितधीः किं प्रभाषेत किमासीत व्रजेत किम् ॥२-५४॥
arjuna uvāca। sthitaprajñasya kā bhāṣā samādhisthasya kēśava। sthitadhīḥ kiṁ prabhāṣēta kimāsīta vrajēta kim ॥2-54॥
[अर्जुन उवाच। स्थित प्रज्ञस्य का भाषा समाधिः स्तस्य केशव। स्थितधीः किं प्रभाषेत किम् आसीत व्रजेत किम् ॥
arjuna uvāca = Arjuna said; sthita prajñasya = one who is stationed in wisdom, i.e. practical knowledge; kā bhāṣā = what are his qualities, characteristics? samādhiḥ stasya = when he is in an equanimous state; kēś ava = Oh administrator of the universe; sthitadhīḥ = stationing in intellect; kiṁ = what; prabhāṣēta = does he speaks; kim = what; āsīta = attitude does he sit; vrajēta = walks; kim = how; ]
Arjuna said: O Keshava, What are the characteristics of the one who is stationed in practical wisdom when he is in an equanimous state (samādhi)? Stationed in his intellect, how does he speak? With what attitude does he sit? How does he walk?
Gīta Bhāshya 2.54
'sthitaprajna' - one who is established in practical wisdom; 'bhāshā' - ascertained characteristics; 'samādhistha' - one who is stationed in Samādhi; 'Kēshava' - one who administers the creation and destruction activities of the universe; 'kimāsīt' - 'With what attitude does he sit?'; In Puranas, great Kings, and sages enquire about dharma, so that people can grasp the knowledge. It doesn't mean Arjuna is ignorant.
स्थिता प्रज्ञा ज्ञानं यस्य सः स्थितप्रज्ञः। भाष्यते अनया इति भाषा। लक्षणम् इत्यर्थः। उक्तं लक्षणम् अनुवदति लक्षणान्तरं पृच्छामीति ज्ञापयितुम् - समाधिस्थस्य इति।
sthitā prajñā jñānaṁ yasya saḥ sthitaprajñaḥ। bhāṣyatē anayā iti bhāṣā। lakṣaṇam ityarthaḥ। uktaṁ lakṣaṇam anuvadati lakṣaṇāntaraṁ pr̥cchāmīti jñāpayitum - samādhisthasya iti।
[sthitā = established; prajñā = in the wisdom; jñānaṁ = knowledge; yasya saḥ = one who has; sthitaprajñaḥ = is the 'sthitaprajñaḥ'; bhāṣyatē = as it shines; anayā = leading to; iti = that is; bhāṣā = 'bhāshā'; lakṣaṇam = characteristics; ityarthaḥ = assertained; uktaṁ = said; lakṣaṇam = characteristics; anuvadati = follows the; lakṣaṇāntaraṁ = difference in the characteristics; pr̥cchāmīti = I ask, is the; jñāpayitum = to understand; samādhisthasya = 'one who is in 'Samādhi' tern; iti = is used;]
'sthitaprajna' - is one who is established in the wisdom, i.e. practical knowledge. The term 'bhāshā' means 'as it shines', means ascertained characteristics. The characteristics that differ from normal is being enquired, hence the explicit term 'samādhistha' , i.e. one who is stationed in Samādhi.
कं ब्रह्माणम् ईशं रुद्रं च वर्तयतीति केशवः। तथाहि निरुक्तिः कृता हरिवंशेषु रुद्रेण कैलासयात्रायाम्।
kaṁ brahmāṇam īśaṁ rudraṁ ca vartayatīti kēśavaḥ। tathāhi niruktiḥ kr̥tā harivaṁśēṣu rudrēṇa kailāsayātrāyām।
[kaṁ brahmāṇam = 'kam' means creator, Brahma; īśaṁ rudraṁ = 'Isa' means destroyer, Rudra; ca = and; vartayatīti = 'va' means one who controls, thus; kēśavaḥ = he is called 'Kēshava'; tathāhi = similar; niruktiḥ = word meaning; kr̥tā = is explained; harivaṁśēṣu = in Harivamsha; rudrēṇa = by Rudra; kailāsayātrāyām = is the episode concerning the travel to Himalaya mountain;]
'kam' means creator, Brahma; 'Īsa' means destroyer, Rudra; and 'va' means one who controls; Thus, the lord is addressed as - 'Kēshava'. In Harivamsha, in the episode concerning travel to the Himalaya mountain, a similar meaning is given by lord Rudra to the word 'Kēshava'.
"हिरण्यगर्भः कः प्रोक्त ईशः शङ्कर एव च। सृष्ट्यादिना वर्तयति तौ यतः केशवो भवान्॥"
"hiraṇyagarbhaḥ kaḥ prōkta īśaḥ śaṅkara ēva ca। sr̥ṣṭyādinā vartayati tau yataḥ kēśavō bhavān॥"
[hiraṇyagarbhaḥ = One with golder womb, i.e. Brahma; kaḥ prōkta = is conveyed by 'Ka'; īśaḥ = 'Īsa'; śaṅkara ēva = means Shankara; ca = and; sr̥ṣṭyādinā = creation and such activities; vartayati = administered by; tau = you are; yataḥ = therefore; kēśavō bhavān = you lord are called 'Kēshava';]
"One with golden womb, i.e. Brahma, is conveyed by 'Ka', and 'Īsa' means Shankara. Creation and such activities are administered by you, hence O lord, you are called 'Kēshava'."
इति वचनान्तराच्च।
iti vacanāntarācca।
[iti = is the; vacanāntarācca = proverb as well;]
- is the proverb, as well.
किमासीत किं प्रति आसीत।
kimāsīta kiṁ prati āsīta।
[kimāsīta = 'kimāsīt' - means; kiṁ prati = 'with what attitude'; āsīta = does he sit;]
'kimāsīt' - 'With what attitude does he sit?'
न चार्जुनो न जानाति तल्लक्षणादिकम्।
na cārjunō na jānāti tallakṣaṇādikam।
[ na = not; cārjunō = Arjuna; na jānāti = not aware; tallakṣaṇādikam = those characterstics;]
It doesn't mean Arjuna is not aware of those characteristics:
"जानन्ति पूर्वराजानो देवर्षयस्तथैव हि। तथापि धर्मान् पृच्छन्ति वार्तायै गुह्यवित्तये। न ते गुह्याः प्रतीयन्ते पुराणेष्वल्पबुदि्धनाम्॥"
"jānanti pūrvarājānō dēvarṣayastathaiva hi। tathāpi dharmān pr̥cchanti vārtāyai guhyavittayē। na tē guhyāḥ pratīyantē purāṇēṣvalpabudidhanām॥"
[jānanti = know; pūrvarājānō = the ancient kings; dēvarṣayastathaiva = and ancient sages; hi = certainly; tathāpi = even then; dharmān = regarding 'dharma'; pr̥cchanti = ask; vārtāyai = to spread; guhyavittayē = secret treasures; na tē = not they; guhyāḥ = as secret; pratīyantē = are recognize;purāṇēṣvalpabudidhanām = in the Puranas, by those of little intelligence;]
"Certainly, the ancient kings and sages have an understanding. Even then, they ask regarding 'dharma' in the Purānas to spread the secret treasure. Those with little intelligence do not recognize it as secret knowledge."
इति वचनात् ॥५४॥
iti vacanāt ॥54॥
[iti = thus state; vacanāt= proverb;]
- thus state proverb.
