B.G 5.01
arjuna uvāca
saṁnyāsaṁ karmaṇāṁ kr̥ṣṇa punarYōgaṁ ca śaṁsasi। yacchreya etayorekaṁ tanme brūhi suniścitam ॥1॥
Arjuna said:
O Krishna, you are praising renunciation ('Sanyāsa), and again the Yōga of performing deeds ('Karma Yōga'). Among these two, which one is beneficial, tell be conclusively.
Gīta Bhāshya 5.01
'Karma Yōga' mentioned in the third chapter is further elaborated in the current chapter. 'Krishna'- one who attracts the entire universe with his governing principles. The question is - 'If you consider renunciation ('sanyāsa') as better, then why are you asking me to engage in war, that is opposed to renunciation?'
tr̥tīyādhyāyoktameva karmaYōgaṁ prapañcayati anena adhyāyena। 'yadr̥cchālābha santuṣṭaḥ' ityādi sannyāsam। 'kuru karma' ityādi karmaYōgaṁ ca।
The Yōga of action mentioned in the third chapter is further elaborated in the current chapter.
By stating 'yadr̥cchālābha santuṣṭaḥ', i.e. 'be satisfied with whatever you get by chance' at 4.22 and such other statements you are praising Rnounciation. By stating 'kuru karma', i.e. 'perform prescribed deeds' at 4.15 you are praising Yōga of action.
niyamanādinā sakalalokakarṣaṇāt kr̥ṣṇaḥ। tccoktaṁ
The lord is called 'Krishna', as He attracts the entire universe with His governing principles. Therefore, it is said:
"yataḥ karṣasi deveśa niyamya sakalaṁ jagat। ato vadanti munayaḥ kr̥ṣṇaṁ tvāṁ brahmavādinaḥ॥"
"O lord of the Gods, because you govern the entire universe, the sages who are knowers of Brahman say, you are 'Krishna', the one who attracts."
iti mahākaurme।
-states Mahakaurma Purana.
saṁnyāsaśabdārthaṁ bhagavāneva vakṣyati। ayaṁ praśnāśayaḥ - 'yadi saṁnyāsaḥ śreyo'dhikaḥ syāt tarhi saṁnyāsasya īṣadvirodhi yuddham iti ॥1॥
The lord Himself will explain the meaning of the word 'Sanyāsa'. The question being asked is - 'If you consider renunciation ('sanyāsa') as better, then why are you asking me to engage in war, that is opposed to renunciation?' .
Gīta Tātparya 5.01
Arjuna has doubt regarding the concept of 'Yoga of renounced action', the word 'yogasaṁnyastakarmāṇa' used at 4.41. He misconstrues it to mean the renunciation of all actions. Hence enquires.
yogasaṁnyāsayoḥ lakṣaṇaṁ spaṣṭayati anena adhyāyena।
This chapter clarifies the characteristics of Yoga-Of-Renunciation (Sanyāsa Yoga).
yogasaṁnyastakarmāṇamityādau nyāsaśabdaḥ sarvakarma tyāgaviṣayaḥ ityāśaṅkya yogasaṁnyāsayoḥ bhinnapunniṣṭhatvābhiprāyeṇa pr̥cchati- saṁnyāsamiti ॥1॥
The word 'yogasaṁnyastakarmāṇa' at 4.41 and other places is used to mean Yoga of renounced action. In this context, doubting the word 'nyāsa' to mean renunciation of all actions and having an opinion that they are meant for different people, Arjuna enquires in the current verse 'saṁnyāsaṁ'.
