B.G 2.45
त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन। निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् ॥२-४५॥
traiguṇyaviṣayā vēdā nistraiguṇyō bhavārjuna। nirdvandvō nityasattvasthō niryōgakṣēma ātmavān ॥2-45॥
[ त्रैगुण्य विषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भव अर्जुन। निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्य-सत्त्व-अस्थो निर्योग-क्षेम आत्मवान्॥
traiguṇya = related to three qualities (satwa, rajas and tamas); viṣayā = topics; vēdā = Vēdas deal; nistraiguṇyō = without three qualities; bhava = become; arjuna = O Arjuna; । nirdvandvō = without dilemma; nitya-sattva-asthō = become stationed in 'nitya-sattva'; niryōga-kṣēma = without having desire for safety; ātmavān = understand the supreme soul as the master;]
The Vēdas dwell on topics relating to the three qualities, O Arjuna, but rise above them. Having no dilemma, become stationed in 'nitya-satwa' i.e. stay in constant remembrance of the supreme lord. Having no desire for safety become 'ātmavān', i.e., considering the supreme lord as master, relinquish all selfish-concerns.
Gīta Bhāshya 2.45
Starting from the verse 'traiguṇya-viṣayā', the mindset required for Yōga is explained. Though superficially Vēdas appear to dwell on topics related to three qualities, in essence they convey lord Vishnu only.
तां योगबुदि्धमाह- त्रैगुण्यविषया इत्यादिना इतरदपोद्य। वेदानां परोक्षार्थत्वात् त्रिगुणसम्बन्धि स्वर्गादि प्रतीतितोर्थ इव भाति।
tāṁ yōgabudidhamāha- traiguṇyaviṣayā ityādinā itaradapōdya। vēdānāṁ parōkṣārthatvāt triguṇasambandhi svargādi pratītitōrtha iva bhāti।
[tāṁ yōgabudidhamāha = from here on wards the mindset required for Yōga is explained; traiguṇyaviṣayā = starting from 'traiguṇya viṣayā'; ityādinā = and others; itaradapōdya = rejects other understanding;। vēdānāṁ = As Vedas; parōkṣārthatvāt = have indirect and hidden meaning; triguṇasambandhi = related to three qualities; svargādi = heaven and others; pratītitōrtha = provide meaning towards; iva bhāti = thus appears;।]
Starting from 'traiguṇya viṣayā' verse the mindset required for Yōga is explained. Other opposing views are rejected. As Vēdas have indirect and hidden meaning, they superficially appear to speak of matter related to three qualities, such as heaven and others.
"परोक्षवादी वेदोयम्" इति ह्युक्तम्।
"parōkṣavādī vēdōyam" iti hyuktam।
[parōkṣavādī = they advocate indirect and transcendental topics; vēdōyam = Vedas; iti hyuktam = is a well-known proverb;।]
"Vēdas speak indirectly and advocate transcendental topics." - is the well-known proverb
अतः प्रातीतिकेर्थे भ्रान्तिं मा कुर्वित्यर्थः।
ataḥ prātītikērthē bhrāntiṁ mā kurvityarthaḥ।
[ ataḥ = therefore; prātītikērthē = regarding its meaning; bhrāntiṁ mā = don't get disillusioned; kurvityarthaḥ = is the opinion coveyed;।]
"Therefore, don't get disillusioned by its literal opinion" - is the meaning conveyed.
"वादो विषयकत्वं च मुखतो वचनं स्मृतं।" इत्यभिधानम्।
"vādō viṣayakatvaṁ ca mukhatō vacanaṁ smr̥taṁ।" ityabhidhānam।
[vādō = argument; viṣayakatvaṁ = on topics; ca = mukhatō vacanaṁ smr̥taṁ = are remembered as words of mouth;। ityabhidhānam = is the well-known proverb;।]
"The word 'argument' is used when the topics conveyed are contrary to reality." - is the well-known proverb.
न तु वेदपक्षो निषिध्यते।
na tu vēdapakṣō niṣidhyatē।
na tu = it does not; vēdapakṣō = advocacy of Vedas; niṣidhyatē = to be forbidden;।
It does not mean the advocacy of Vedas is to be forbidden.
"वेदे रामायणे चैव पुराणे भारते तथा। आदावन्ते च मध्ये च विष्णुः सर्वत्र गीयते॥"
"vēdē rāmāyaṇē caiva purāṇē bhāratē tathā। ādāvantē ca madhyē ca viṣṇuḥ sarvatra gīyatē॥"
[vēdē = Vēdas; rāmāyaṇē = Ramayana; caiva = and also; purāṇē = Puranas; bhāratē = Mahabharata; tathā = all these;। ādāvantē = in the beginning, end; ca = and; madhyē in the middle; ca = and; viṣṇuḥ = lord Vishnu; sarvatra = everywhere; gīyatē = glorifies;]
"Vēdas, Rāmāyana, Purānas, and also Mahābhārata glorify lord Vishnu only in the beginning, middle, and the end, in fact everywhere."
"सर्वे वेदा यत्पदमामनन्ति।"
"sarvē vēdā yatpadamāmananti।"
[sarvē = all; vēdā = Vedas; yatpadamāmananti = whose glories they convey;]
"All the Vēdas convey His glories only."
"वेदोखिलो धर्ममूलं स्मृऽतिशीले च तद्विदाम्। आचारश्चैव साधूनाम् आत्मनो तुष्टिरेव च॥"
"vēdōkhilō dharmamūlaṁ smr̥'tiśīlē ca tadvidām। ācāraścaiva sādhūnām ātmanō tuṣṭirēva ca॥"
[vēdōkhilō = the essence of Vedas; dharmamūlaṁ = is the root of Dharma; smr̥'tiśīlē = Smruti's are the basis for practice; ca = and; tadvidām = thus the knowledgable proclaim;। ācāraścaiva = the conduct of; sādhūnām = saints and monks; ātmanō = to ātman; tuṣṭirēva = brings satisfaction; ca = as well;]
"The essence of Vēdas is the root of dharma and written texts are the basis for practice - thus the knowledgeable proclaim. The conduct of saints and monks must, well, bring satisfaction to 'ātman'."
"वेदप्रणिहितो धर्मः ह्यधर्मस्तद्विपर्ययः॥"
"vēdapraṇihitō dharmaḥ hyadharmastadviparyayaḥ॥"
[vēdapraṇihitō = that which is according to Vedas; dharmaḥ = is dharma; hyadharmastadviparyayaḥ = that which is divergent to it is adharma, i.e evil;]
"That which is in accordance with Vēdas is dharma and those which are divergent to it are adharma, i.e. evil."
[-states various ancient proverbs.]
इति वेदानां सर्वात्मना विष्णुपरत्वोक्तेः। तद्विहितस्य तद्विरुद्धस्य च धर्माधर्मत्वोक्तेश्च ॥ ४५ ॥
iti vēdānāṁ sarvātmanā viṣṇuparatvōktēḥ। tadvihitasya tadviruddhasya ca dharmādharmatvōktēśca ॥ 45 ॥
[iti = thus; vēdānāṁ = Vedas are; sarvātmanā = everywhere; viṣṇuparatvōktēḥ = speak for lord Vishnu; tadvihitasya = that which is in accordance; tadviruddhasya = that which is not in accordance; ca = and; dharmādharmatvōktēśca = are called dharma and adharma respectively;]
Thus, Vēdas advocate lord Vishnu everywhere. That which is in accordance with Vēdas is dharma and that which is opposed is adharma .
Gīta Tātparya 2.45
Three qualities are like poison. Remembering lord Vishnu always is - 'nitya-sattwatwa'. Leaving the desire for safety is - 'niryōgakṣēma'. Having the understanding, the supreme-being is my master, is - 'ātmatwa'.
त्रैगुण्याख्यं विषं यापयन्ति अपगमयन्तीति त्रैगुण्यविषयाः।
traiguṇyākhyaṁ viṣaṁ yāpayanti apagamayantīti traiguṇyaviṣayāḥ।
[traiguṇyākhyaṁ = the three qualities; viṣaṁ = the poison; yāpayanti = are spent, consumed,; apagamayantīti = depart, hence; traiguṇyaviṣayāḥ = called 'traiguṇyaviṣayāḥ';]
The three qualities, like poison ('visha'), are consumed and spent before departing (by the soul), hence called - 'traiguṇyaviṣayāḥ'
"आश्रित्य वेदांस्तु पुमान् त्रैगुण्यविषहारिणः। निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवेन्नित्यं वासुदेवैकसंश्रयः॥" इति च।
"āśritya vēdāṁstu pumān traiguṇyaviṣahāriṇaḥ। nistraiguṇyō bhavēnnityaṁ vāsudēvaikasaṁśrayaḥ॥" iti ca।
[āśritya = take shelter; vēdāṁstu = under Vedas; pumān = the great souls; traiguṇyaviṣahāriṇaḥ = destroys the poison of the three modes of nature; । nistraiguṇyō = becoming free from the three modes of nature; bhavēnnityaṁ = he, always; vāsudēvaikasaṁśrayaḥ = take refuge in Vasudeva alone; iti ca = states proverb;]
The great souls take shelter under the Vedas to destroy the poison of three modes of nature. After becoming free from the three modes of nature he always takes refuge in Vasudeva alone." - states ancient proverb
"सत्त्वं साधुगुणात् विष्णुः आत्मा सन्ततिहेतुतः॥" इति च।
"sattvaṁ sādhuguṇāt viṣṇuḥ ātmā santatihētutaḥ॥" iti ca।
[sattvaṁ = is called 'Sattwa'; sādhuguṇāt = as he is of the nature of virtue; viṣṇuḥ = lord Vishnu; ātmā = is called 'ātmā'; santatihētutaḥ = is the cause of progeny; iti ca = states ancient proverb;]
Lord Vishnu is called 'Sattwa' as he is of the nature of virtue, and is called 'ātmā' as he is the cause of progeny." - states ancient proverb
सन्ततविष्णुस्मरणं नित्यसत्त्वस्थत्वम्। परमात्मा मम स्वामी इति ज्ञानमात्मवत्त्वम्। तेन ऐक्यज्ञानं निवर्तयति।
santataviṣṇusmaraṇaṁ nityasattvasthatvam। paramātmā mama svāmī iti jñānamātmavattvam। tēna aikyajñānaṁ nivartayati।
[santataviṣṇusmaraṇaṁ = remembering lord Vishnu always; nityasattvasthatvam = is 'nitya sattwa'; paramātmā mama svāmī = the supreme being is my master; iti jñānamātmavattvam = understanding thus is 'ātmatva', state of being stationed in ātman;। tēna = by this; aikyajñānaṁ = the understanding of one ness with Him; nivartayati = turns away from;]
Remembering lord Vishnu always is 'nitya-sattwatwa' i.e. being stationed in pure satwa quality. Having the understanding, the supreme being is my master, is 'ātmatwa' i.e. state of being stationed in ātman. By such understanding, the wrong knowledge of oneness with the Lord goes away.
विरुद्ध योगक्षेमेच्छावर्जितः। अन्यथा उत्थानादेः अपि अयोगात् ॥४५॥
viruddha yōgakṣēmēcchāvarjitaḥ। anyathā utthānādēḥ api ayōgāt ॥45॥
[viruddha =opposite; yōgakṣēmēcchāvarjitaḥ = having the desire of progress and safety;। anyathā = otherwise; utthānādēḥ = 'get up'; api = such instructions as well; ayōgāt = one should give up;]
('niryōgakṣēma' is) leaving the desire for progress and safety, (and does not mean not to perform Yoga), otherwise one should give up even simple daily physical activities.
