B.G 10.12 and 13
अर्जुन उवाच
परं ब्रह्म परं धाम पवित्रं परमं भवान्। पुरुषं शाश्वतं दिव्यं आदिदेवमजं विभुम् ॥१२॥
arjuna uvāca
paraṁ brahma paraṁ dhāma pavitraṁ paramaṁ bhavān। puruṣaṁ śāśvataṁ divyaṁ ādidevamajaṁ vibhum ॥12॥
[अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; उवाच (uvāca) - said. परम् (param) - supreme; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; परम् (param) - supreme; धाम (dhāma) - abode; पवित्रम् (pavitraṁ) - purifier; परमम् (paramam) - highest; भवान् (bhavān) - you are; पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - the person; शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal; दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine; आदिदेवम् (ādi-devam) - the original god; अजम् (ajam) - unborn; विभुम् (vibhum) - all-pervading.]
Arjuna said:
You are the supreme Brahman, the supreme abode, the supreme purifier, the eternal, divine person, the primal god, the unborn, and the all-pervading one.
आहुस्त्वा मृषयः सर्वे देवर्षिर्नारदस्तथा। असितो देवलो व्यासः स्वयं चैव ब्रवीषि मे ॥१३॥
āhustvā mr̥ṣayaḥ sarve devarṣirnāradastathā। asito devalo vyāsaḥ svayaṁ caiva bravīṣi me ॥13॥
[आहुः (āhuḥ) - have said; त्वा (tvā) - you; ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages; सर्वे (sarve) - all; देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - the divine sage; नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada; तथा (tathā) - also; असितः (asitaḥ) - Asita; देवलः (devalaḥ) - Devala; व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa; स्वयम् (svayam) - yourself; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you say; मे (me) - to me.]
All the sages have declared you so, and so too has the divine sage Nārada, Asita, Devala, and Vyāsa; and now you yourself also say this to me.
Gīta Bhāshya 10.12 and 13
'Brahma' - completely full and perfect in all aspects; 'Paraṁ brahma' - Because it expands and causes all to expand; 'Paramam' - He who is the great Brahman; 'Prabhu' - he is the first cause; 'Vibhu' - as He became manifold;
ब्रह्म परिपूर्णम्।
brahma paripūrṇam।
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; परिपूर्णम् (paripūrṇam) - completely full and perfect in all aspects.]
The word 'brahma' means completely full and perfect in all aspects.
"अथ कस्मादुच्यते परं ब्रह्म । बृहति बृंहयति च।"
"atha kasmāducyate paraṁ brahma । br̥hati br̥ṁhayati ca।"
[अथ (atha) - now; कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why; उच्यते (ucyate) - is it called; परम् (param) - supreme; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; बृहति (bṛhati) - it expands; बृंहयति (bṛṁhayati) - it causes to expand; च (ca) - and.]
"Why is it called the supreme Brahman? Because it expands and causes all to expand."
इति श्रुतिः।
iti śrutiḥ।
[इति (iti) - thus; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - the revealed scripture (Veda) [says].]
- stated thus in the Vedic testimonial.
बृह बृहि वृद्धौ इति पठन्ति।
br̥ha br̥hi vr̥ddhau iti paṭhanti।
[बृह् (bṛh) - to expand; बृहि (bṛhi) - root form (to expand or grow); वृद्धौ (vṛddhau) - in the sense of growth or expansion; इति (iti) - thus; पठन्ति (paṭhanti) - they recite or state.]
The words 'Bṛh', 'Bṛhi', and 'vṛddhau', i.e. growth or expansion, are declared as synonyms.
"परमं यो महद्ब्रह्म"
"paramaṁ yo mahadbrahma"
[परमम् (paramam) - supreme; यः (yaḥ) - who; महत् (mahat) - great; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman.]
"The word 'paramam', i.e. the Supreme, is He who is the great Brahman."
इति च।
iti ca।
[इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and/as well.]
- stated thus as well.
विविधं आसीदिति विभुः। तथा हि वारुणशाखायाम्-
vividhaṁ āsīditi vibhuḥ। tathā hi vāruṇaśākhāyām-
[विविधम् (vividham) - diverse; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; इति (iti) - thus; विभुः (vibhuḥ) - the all-pervading one (is called); तथा (tathā) - so; हि (hi) - indeed; वारुणशाखायाम् (vāruṇa-śākhāyām) - in the Vāruṇa branch (of the Veda).]
Because it (Brahman) existed in diverse forms, it is called 'Vibhuḥ'; so indeed, it is said in the Vāruṇa branch of the Veda:
"विभु प्रभु प्रथमं मेहनावत इति। स ह्येव प्राभवत् विविधोऽभवत्॥"
"vibhu prabhu prathamaṁ mehanāvata iti। sa hyeva prābhavat vividho'bhavat॥"
[विभुः (vibhuḥ) - the all-pervading one; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord; प्रथमम् (prathamam) - in the beginning; मेहनावत् (mehanāvat) - in the form of effort or creative power; इति (iti) - thus; सः (saḥ) - he; ह्येव (hyeva) - the first cause; प्राभवत् (prābhavat) - came into power or became manifest; विविधः (vividhaḥ) - manifold; अभवत् (abhavat) - became.]
“The first manifested form of the Lord is called 'Vibhu' and 'Prabhu'; called 'Vibhu' as He became manifold, called 'Prabhu' as he is the first cause.”
इति।
iti।
[इति (iti) - thus.]
- stated thus.
"सोऽकामयत बहु स्यां प्रजायेय॥"
"so'kāmayata bahu syāṁ prajāyeya॥"
[सः (saḥ) - he; अकामयत (akāmayata) - desired; बहु (bahu) - to be many; स्याम् (syām) - may I become; प्रजायेय (prajāyeya) - may I be born or create offspring.]
"He desired, 'May I become many; may I create offspring'."
इत्यादेश्च ॥१३॥
ityādeśca ॥13॥
[इति (iti) - thus; आदेशः (ādeśaḥ) - the scriptural injunction or declaration; च (ca) - and.]
- thus is the scriptural declaration.
