B.G 18.20
सर्वभूतेषु येनैकं भावमव्ययमीक्षते। अविभक्तं विभक्तेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि सात्त्विकम् ॥२०॥
sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṃ bhāvamavyayamīkṣate। avibhaktaṃ vibhakteṣu tajjñānaṃ viddhi sāttvikam ॥20॥
[सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - in all beings; येन (yena) - by which; एकम् (ekam) - one; भावम् (bhāvam) - essence; अव्ययम् (avyayam) - immutable; ईक्षते (īkṣate) - sees; अविभक्तम् (avibhaktam) - undivided; विभक्तेषु (vibhakteṣu) - in the divided; तत् (tat) - that; ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge; विद्धि (viddhi) - know; सात्त्विकम् (sāttvikam) - pure;]
The knowledge by which one perceives the single immutable essence, undivided in the divided, know that knowledge as 'sāttvik' i.e. pure.
Gīta Bhāshya 18.20
The phrase 'ekaṁ bhāvaṁ' i.e. 'single essence', refers to Lord Vishnu.
एकं भावं विष्णुम् ॥२०॥
ekaṁ bhāvaṁ viṣṇum ॥20॥
[एकम् (ekam) - one; भावम् (bhāvam) - essence; विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Vishnu;]
The phrase 'ekaṁ bhāvaṁ' i.e. 'single essence', refers to Lord Vishnu.
Gīta Tātparya 18.20
The Lord Vishnu is all-pervading, yet separate from the inert-insentient, the bound beings, and the liberated ones. He operates among them through the gradation and distinction of living beings and through their interaction with each other. The knowledge that is directly the cause of liberation is declared to be pure, characterized by a proper understanding of the attributes of both the inert and the living beings, and that of Lord Vishnu.
"अस्तित्वाद् भूतनामभ्यः सर्वजीवेभ्य एव च। मुक्तेभ्योपि पृथक्त्वेन विष्णोः सर्वत्रगस्य च॥
"astitvād bhūtanāmabhyaḥ sarvajīvebhya eva ca। muktebhyopi pṛthaktvena viṣṇoḥ sarvatragasya ca॥
[अस्तित्वात् (astitvāt) - from existence; भूतनामभ्यः (bhūtanāmabhyaḥ) - to the beings; सर्वजीवेभ्यः (sarvajīvebhyaḥ) - to all living beings; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; मुक्तेभ्यः (muktebhyaḥ) - to the liberated ones; अपि (api) - also; पृथक्त्वेन (pṛthaktvena) - separately; विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Vishnu; सर्वत्रगस्य (sarvatragasya) - of the all-pervading; च (ca) - and;]
"From existence to all beings, including the liberated ones, separately, Vishnu is all-pervading.
ऐक्येन च स्वरूपाणां प्रादुर्भावादिकात्मनाम्। तारतम्येन जीवानां भेदेनैव परस्परम्॥
aikyena ca svarūpāṇāṃ prādurbhāvādikātmanām। tāratamyena jīvānāṃ bhedenaiva parasparam॥
[ऐक्येन (aikyena) - by unity; च (ca) - and; स्वरूपाणाम् (svarūpāṇām) - of forms; प्रादुर्भाव (prādurbhāva) - manifestation; आदिक (ādika) - beginning with; आत्मनाम् (ātmanām) - of the beings; तारतम्येन (tāratamyena) - by gradation; जीवानाम् (jīvānām) - of living beings; भेदेन (bhedena) - by distinction; एव (eva) - indeed; परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually;]
Through unity and the manifestation of forms starting with the beings, and through the gradation and distinction of living beings, they interact with each other.
जडेभ्यश्चैव जीवानां जडानां च परस्परम्। तेभ्यो विष्णोश्च सम्यक् तल्लक्षणज्ञानपूर्वकम्। ज्ञानं सात्त्विकमुद्दिष्टं यत् साक्षात् मोक्षकारणम्॥"
jaḍebhyaścaiva jīvānāṃ jaḍānāṃ ca parasparam। tebhyo viṣṇośca samyak tallakṣaṇajñānapūrvakam। jñānaṃ sāttvikamuddiṣṭaṃ yat sākṣāt mokṣakāraṇam॥"
[जडेभ्यः (jaḍebhyaḥ) - from the inert; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; जीवानां (jīvānāṃ) - of the living beings; जडानां (jaḍānāṃ) - of the inert; च (ca) - and; परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually; तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them; विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Vishnu; च (ca) - and; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; तल्लक्षणज्ञानपूर्वकम् (tallakṣaṇajñānapūrvakam) - preceded by the knowledge of those characteristics; ज्ञानं (jñānam) - knowledge; सात्त्विकम् (sāttvikam) - pure; उद्दिष्टं (uddiṣṭaṃ) - is declared; यत् (yat) - which; साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly; मोक्षकारणम् (mokṣakāraṇam) - cause of liberation;]
The knowledge that is directly the cause of liberation is declared to be pure, characterized by a proper understanding of the attributes of both the inert and the living beings, and that of Lord Vishnu."
