B.G 11.32
śrībhagavān uvāca
The Auspicious Lord said:
kālo'smi loka-kṣaya-kṛt pravṛddho lokān samāhartum iha pravṛttaḥ। ṛte'pi tvāṁ na bhaviṣyanti sarve ye'vasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ ॥32॥
I am Time, the destroyer of worlds, complete in all aspects and engaged here in universal order, destroying the worlds. All these warriors arrayed in the opposing ranks shall cease to exist, with few exceptions.
Gīta Bhāshya 11.32
The word 'kāla' denotes the Lord, who is of the nature of binding, cutting off, and giver of knowledge. The word 'pravṛddhaḥ' is meant to convey complete in all aspects, or beginningless. His divine form neither shrinks nor increases.
kāla-śabdaḥ jagad-bandhana cchedana-jñānādi-sarva-bhagavat-dharma-vācī।
The word 'Kāla', i.e. time, denotes all divine attributes of the universe such as binding, cutting, knowledge, etc. (that happens with passage of time).
"kala bandhane", "kala cchedane", "kala jñāne", "kala kāmadhenuḥ"
"Time binds", "Time cuts off", "Time gives knowledge", and also "Time fulfils desires".
iti paṭhanti।
-thus they recite.
prasiddhaś ca sa śabdaḥ bhagavati।
And that word (kāla) is well-known as a reference to the Lord.
"niyataṁ kāla-pāśena baddhaṁ śakra vikatthase। ayaṁ sa puruṣaḥ śyāmo lokasya harati prajāḥ। baddhvā tiṣṭhati māṁ raudraḥ paśuṁ rasanayā yathā॥"
“O Indra, surely, bound by the noose of time, you boast. This dark being takes away the creatures of the world. Having bound me, the fierce one stands like a beast with a rope.”
iti mokṣadharme viṣṇunā baddho balir vakti।
- thus speaks Bali, bound by Viṣṇu, in Mokṣa-dharma.
"viṣṇau cādhīśvare cittaṁ dhārayan kāla-vigrahe॥"
“Holding the mind in Viṣṇu, the supreme Lord, in the form of time.”
iti bhāgavate।
- stated thus in the Bhāgavata.
pravṛddhaḥ paripūrṇaḥ anādir vā।
The word 'pravṛddhaḥ' is meant to convey complete in all aspects, or beginningless.
"ṛtaṁ ca satyaṁ cābhīddhāt"
“From that arose both order and truth.”
iti hi śrutiḥ।
- thus indeed is the Vedic testimonial.
"etan mahat bhūtaṁ anantam"
"This great being is infinite."
iti ca।
- stated thus as well.
"pra viṣṇur astu tavasas tavīyān tveṣaṁ hy asya sthavirasya nāma"
"This Viṣṇu is stronger in power — indeed, force is the name of this ancient one."
iti ca।
- stated thus as well.
na tu vardhanam-
Thus (the word 'pravṛddhaḥ'), does not indicate an increase in size:
"nāsau jajāna na mariṣyati naidhate'sau"
"He was not born, will not die, and does not increase in size."
iti hi bhāgavate।
- stated thus indeed in the Bhāgavata.
"yasya divyaṁ hi tad rūpaṁ hīyate vardhate na ca"
"His divine form neither shrinks nor increases."
iti mokṣadharme।
- stated thus in Mokṣa-dharma.
"na karmaṇā" iti tu karmaṇā api na, kimu svayam iti।
The phrase “even without movement” indicates not even by movement (His form increases or shrinks); What to speak of natural growth? (Even natural growth is not there, as natural growth is possible only through movement.)
lokān samāhartum iha viśeṣeṇa pravṛttaḥ। bhrātrādīṁś ca ṛte iti api-śabdaḥ। pratyanīkatvaṁ tu parasparatayā। sarve'pi na bhaviṣyanti। akṣohiṇy-ādi-bhedena bahuvacanaṁ yuktam ॥32॥
He is specifically engaged here to destroy the worlds. The word 'api' implies excluding brothers and others. Being on opposing sides means mutual confrontation. None shall remain. The plural is justified by the divisions such as akṣauhiṇīs.
Gīta Tātparya 11.32
The word 'kālaḥ' i.e. time is Lord Janārdana, because he is reckoned as possessing all noble qualities - destruction, omniscience, driving all beings. By the word 'api', brothers and others are excluded.
"kālaḥ kalita-sampūrṇa-sadguṇatvāt janārdanaḥ। saṁhārāt sarvavittvād vā sarvavidrāvaṇena vā॥"
"Time is Lord Janārdana, because he is reckoned as possessing all noble qualities - destruction, omniscience, driving all beings."
iti mahāvarāhe।
-stated thus in the Mahāvarāha Purāna.
api-śabdena bhrātrādīn api ṛte ॥32॥
By the word 'api', brothers and others are excluded.
