B.G 4.01, 02, and 03
श्रीभगवानुवाच
इमं विवस्वते योगं प्रोक्तवानहमव्ययम्। विवस्वान्मनवे प्राह मनुरिक्ष्वाकवेब्रवीत् ॥१॥
śrībhagavānuvāca
imaṁ vivasvatē yōgaṁ prōktavānahamavyayam। vivasvānmanavē prāha manurikṣvākavēbravīt ॥1॥
[श्री भगवान् उवाच
इमं विवस्वते योगं प्रोक्तवान् अहम् अव्ययम्। विवस्वान् मनवे प्राह मनुः इक्ष्वाकवेः अब्रवीत्॥
śrī = glorious; bhagavān = the Lord; uvāca = said; imaṁ = this; vivasvatē = to Sun; yōgaṁ = The Yōga; prōktavān = was spoken; aham = by me; avyayam = eternal/imperishable;। vivasvān = The Sun; manavē = to Manu; prāha = spoke; manuḥ = Manu to; ikṣvākavēḥ = Ikshwaku; abravīt = narrated it;॥]
Sri Bhagavān said:
I shared this eternal and undying Yōga with the Sun. He taught it to his son Manu, and Manu narrated it to Iksvaku.
एवं परम्पराप्राप्तमिमं राजर्षयो विदुः। स कालेनेह महता योगो नष्टः परन्तप ॥२॥
ēvaṁ paramparāprāptamimaṁ rājarṣayō viduḥ। sa kālēnēha mahatā yōgō naṣṭaḥ parantapa ॥2॥
[एवं परम्परा प्राप्तम् इमं राजर्षयो विदुः। स कालेन इह महता योगो नष्टः परन्तप॥
ēvaṁ = thus; paramparā = in disciple succession; prāptam = received; imaṁ = this; rājarṣayō = royal sages; viduḥ = the knowledge;। sa = that; kālēna = with passage of time; iha = this; mahatā = the great; yōgō = the Yōga; naṣṭaḥ = was lost; parantapa = O Arjuna, scorcher of foes;॥]
Thus, the knowledge was passed down through the disciple succession of royal kings. But, O Scorcher of foes, as time passed, this magnificent Yōga was lost.
स एवायं मया तेऽद्य योगः प्रोक्तः पुरातनः। भक्तोऽसि मे सखा चेति रहस्यं ह्येतदुत्तमम् ॥३॥
sa ēvāyaṁ mayā tē'dya yōgaḥ prōktaḥ purātanaḥ। bhaktō'si mē sakhā cēti rahasyaṁ hyētaduttamam ॥3॥
[स एव अयं मया ते अद्य योगः प्रोक्तः पुरातनः। भक्तो असि मे सखा च इति रहस्यं हि एतत् उत्तमम्॥
sa = that; ēva = even; ayaṁ = this; mayā = by me; tē = to you; adya = today; yōgaḥ = the Yōga; prōktaḥ = has been spoken; purātanaḥ = the ancient;। bhaktō = a devotee; asi = are; mē = my; sakhā = friend; ca = and; iti = thus; rahasyaṁ = secret; hi = indeed; ētat = this; uttamam = highest;॥]
Because you are both my dear friend and a devoted student, I have shared that same secret supreme knowledge, the ancient Yōga, to you.
Gīta Bhāshya 4.01-03
This chapter delves into the immense significance of the Supreme, the process of distinguishing actions, and the crucial role of knowledge. This verse provides evidence that the knowledge to be shared was prevalent in the past as well.
बुद्धेः परस्य माहात्म्यं, कर्मभेदः, ज्ञानमाहात्म्यं च उच्यते अस्मिन्नध्याये।
buddhēḥ parasya māhātmyaṁ, karmabhēdaḥ, jñānamāhātmyaṁ ca ucyatē asminnadhyāyē।
[buddhēḥ = understanding of; parasya = of the Supreme; māhātmyaṁ = greatness; karmabhēdaḥ = differentiation of action/duties; jñānamāhātmyaṁ = greatness of knowledge; ca = and; ucyatē = is narrated; asminnadhyāyē = in this chapter;।]
Understanding of the greatness of Supreme, how to differentiate the duties, and the greatness of knowledge are narrated in this chapter.
पूर्वानुष्ठितश्चायं धर्मः इत्याह - इमम् इति ॥१-३॥
pūrvānuṣṭhitaścāyaṁ dharmaḥ ityāha - imam iti ॥1-3॥
[pūrvānuṣṭhitaścāyaṁ = previously practiced, and, this; dharmaḥ = DHARMA; ityāha = is said so; - imam iti = by the 'imam' verse;॥1-3॥]
Previously also DHARMA was practiced is indicated by 'imam' verse.
Gīta Tātparya 4.01-03
This chapter explores the concepts of knowledge and the nature of actions in great detail. The Bhagavad Gita is a part of the Pancharatra tradition.
उक्तयोः ज्ञानकर्मणोरुभयोः विशेषविस्तरात्मकोऽयमध्यायः।
uktayōḥ jñānakarmaṇōrubhayōḥ viśēṣavistarātmakō'yamadhyāyaḥ।
[uktayōḥ = it is taught; jñānakarmaṇōrubhayōḥ = both knowledge and action (duties); viśēṣavistarātmakō'yamadhyāyaḥ = in special depth, in this chapter;।]
The topics of knowledge and duties are dealt with special depth in this chapter.
"ब्रह्मरुद्रेन्द्र सूर्याणां यद्दत्तं विष्णुना पुरा। पञ्चरात्रात्मकं ज्ञानं व्यासोऽदात् पाण्डवेषु तत्। तेषामेवावतारेषु सेनामध्येऽर्जुनाय च। प्रादात् गीतेति निर्दिष्टं सङ्क्षेपेणायुयुत्सवे॥
"brahmarudrēndra sūryāṇāṁ yaddattaṁ viṣṇunā purā। pañcarātrātmakaṁ jñānaṁ vyāsō'dāt pāṇḍavēṣu tat। tēṣāmēvāvatārēṣu sēnāmadhyē'rjunāya ca। prādāt gītēti nirdiṣṭaṁ saṅkṣēpēṇāyuyutsavē॥
["brahmarudrēndra = Brahma, Rudra and Indra; sūryāṇāṁ yaddattaṁ = that which was given to Sun; viṣṇunā purā = previously by Vishnu;। pañcarātrātmakaṁ jñānaṁ = consisting of the knowledge of Pancharatra; vyāsō'dāt pāṇḍavēṣu tat = that, Vyasa gave to Pandavas;। tēṣāmēvāvatārēṣu = in their incarnations; sēnāmadhyē'rjunāya = to Arjuna, in the middle of armies; ca = and;। prādāt = presented; gītēti = in the form of Bhagavad Gita; nirdiṣṭaṁ = definitive; saṅkṣēpēṇāyuyutsavē = and concise in its form;॥]
The knowledge of Pancharatra that was given to Brahma, Rudra, Indra and the Sun previously by lord Vishnu, that same knowledge was imparted to Pandavas in their incarnations by Vyasa. Vyasa presented it to Arjuna in the middle of the armies, as Bhagavad Gita, that is definitive and concise.
यथा कुर्वन्ति कर्माणि यथा जानन्ति देवताः। सर्वे कार्तयुगाश्चैव नृपाश्च मनुपूर्वकाः। ज्ञातव्यं चैव कर्तव्यं यथा सर्वैः मुमुक्षुभिः। त्रैतादित्रिषु जातैश्च गीतायां तदुदाहृतम्॥
yathā kurvanti karmāṇi yathā jānanti dēvatāḥ। sarvē kārtayugāścaiva nr̥pāśca manupūrvakāḥ। jñātavyaṁ caiva kartavyaṁ yathā sarvaiḥ mumukṣubhiḥ। traitāditriṣu jātaiśca gītāyāṁ tadudāhr̥tam॥
[yathā = just as; kurvanti = they perform; karmāṇi = deeds; yathā = that way; jānanti = they are known; dēvatāḥ = by the deities;। sarvē = all; kārtayugāścaiva = even, since krita yuga; nr̥pāśca = and kings; manupūrvakāḥ = in accordance with Manu;। jñātavyaṁ = should be known; caiva = and also; kartavyaṁ = duties; yathā = according to; sarvaiḥ = by all; mumukṣubhiḥ = seekers of liberation;। traitāditriṣu = three Vedas; jātaiśca = their birth; gītāyāṁ = in Bhagavad Gita; tadudāhr̥tam = has been given as exmaple and illustrated;॥]
The way a person performs deeds, gods known him to be that. All kings have performed deeds in accordance with Manu, since Krita age. All seekers of liberation should know and practice these deeds. Thus, the Bhagavad Gita elaborates on the three Vedas and their origin.
पाण्डवाद्याः क्षेमकान्ताः करिष्यन्ति च जानते। तथैव तेन गीताया नास्ति शास्त्रं समं क्वचित्। वेदार्थपूर्वकं ज्ञेयं पञ्चरात्रं यतोऽखिलम्। तत्सङ्क्षेपश्च गीतेयं तस्मान्नास्याः समं क्वचित्॥"
pāṇḍavādyāḥ kṣēmakāntāḥ kariṣyanti ca jānatē। tathaiva tēna gītāyā nāsti śāstraṁ samaṁ kvacit। vēdārthapūrvakaṁ jñēyaṁ pañcarātraṁ yatō'khilam। tatsaṅkṣēpaśca gītēyaṁ tasmānnāsyāḥ samaṁ kvacit॥"
[pāṇḍavādyāḥ = starting with Pandavas; kṣēmakāntāḥ = till king Kshema; kariṣyanti = will perform; ca = and; jānatē = known;। tathaiva = similarly; tēna = by that; gītāyā = of the Bhagavad Gita; nāsti = there is not; śāstraṁ = scripture or sacred text; samaṁ = equal; kvacit = anywhere;। vēdārthapūrvakaṁ = with reference to the meaning of the Vedas; jñēyaṁ = should be known or understood; pañcarātraṁ = the Pāñcarātra texts; yatō'khilam = from which, entire or all;। tatsaṅkṣēpaśca = that, in summary or essence, and; gītēyaṁ = the Bhagavad Gita, this; tasmānnāsyāḥ = therefore, of it; samaṁ = equal; kvacit = anywhere;]
Stating from Pandavas to king Kshema understood and acted accordingly. Therefore, it is said, there is no scripture equal to the Bhagavad Gita anywhere. Study and practice of the Pāñcarātra gives the knowledge of the Vedas. The Bhagavad Gita provides the summary and essence of Pāñcarātra. Therefore, there is no scripture equal to it anywhere.
इति ब्रह्मवैवर्ते ॥१-३॥
iti brahmavaivartē ॥1-3॥
[iti brahmavaivartē = states Brahma Vaivarta Purana.]
-states Brahma Vaivarta Purana.
