Bhagavad Gīta Bhāshya and Tātparya
B.G 2.21
वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययम् । कथं स पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कम् ॥ २-२१॥
vedāvināśinaṃ nityaṃ ya enamajamavyayam । kathaṃ sa puruṣaḥ pārtha kaṃ ghātayati hanti kam ॥ 2-21॥
[वेद (veda) - knows; अविनाशिनम् (avināśinam) - indestructible; नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal; यः (yaḥ) - who; एनम् (enam) - this; अजम् (ajam) - unborn; अव्ययम् (avyayam) - immutable; कथम् (katham) - how; सः (saḥ) - he; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha; कम् (kam) - whom; घातयति (ghātayati) - causes to harm; हन्ति (hanti) - kills; कम् (kam) - whom;]
O son of Pritha, how can a person who understands this to be indestructible, eternal, unborn, and immutable, cause anyone to be harmed or kill anyone?
Gīta Bhāshya 2.21
'avinâshina' - means free from incidental destruction; 'nitya' - means one who does not have natural destruction; or 'avinâshina' - means devoid of defects and 'nitya' - means one who always exists.
अतो य एवं वेद स कथं कं घातयति हन्ति वा। अविनाशिनं नैमित्तिकनाशरहितम्। नित्यं स्वाभाविकनाशरहितम् अथवा अविनाशिनं दोषयोगरहितम्। नित्यं सदा भाविनम्। इति सर्वत्र विवेकः । दोषयुक्त पुरुषादिषु नष्टशब्दप्रयोगात्॥ २१ ॥
ato ya evaṃ veda sa kathaṃ kaṃ ghātayati hanti vā। avināśinaṃ naimittikanāśarahitam। nityaṃ svābhāvikanāśarahitam athavā avināśinaṃ doṣayogarahitam। nityaṃ sadā bhāvinam। iti sarvatra vivekaḥ । doṣayukta puruṣādiṣu naṣṭaśabdaprayogāt॥ 21 ॥
[अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; यः (yaḥ) - who; एवम् (evam) - thus; वेद (veda) - knows; सः (saḥ) - he; कथम् (katham) - how; कम् (kam) - whom; घातयति (ghātayati) - causes to kill; हन्ति (hanti) - kills; वा (vā) - or; अविनाशिनम् (avināśinam) - indestructible; नैमित्तिकनाशरहितम् (naimittikanāśarahitam) - free from incidental destruction; नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal; स्वाभाविकनाशरहितम् (svābhāvikanāśarahitam) - free from natural destruction; अथवा (athavā) - or; अविनाशिनम् (avināśinam) - indestructible; दोषयोगरहितम् (doṣayogarahitam) - free from defects; नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal; सदा (sadā) - always; भाविनम् (bhāvinam) - existing; इति (iti) - thus; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; विवेकः (vivekaḥ) - discernment; दोषयुक्त (doṣayukta) - defective; पुरुषादिषु (puruṣādiṣu) - in persons / living beings, etc.; नष्टशब्दप्रयोगात् (naṣṭaśabdaprayogāt) - due to the use of the word 'ruined';]
Therefore, one who understands this knowledge does not cause harm or kill anyone. 'avinâshina' - means free from incidental destruction; 'nitya' - means one who does not have natural destruction; or 'avinâshina' - means devoid of defects and 'nitya' - means one who always exists. This discernment is present everywhere and is common wisdom. As living being is tainted with defects, the word 'nashta', i.e. ruined, is used to address them.
Gīta Tātparya 2.21
'avinashinam' - one who is free from bodily destruction; 'nityam' - it is his own nature; 'enam' - reference to the Supreme Lord. Agency and independence belong solely to Lord Hari; knowing this unchanging truth, how can one consider oneself as a doer?
अविनाशिनं शरीरापायादिवर्जितम्। नित्यं स्वरूपतः। एनं परमेश्वरम्।
avināśinaṃ śarīrāpāyādivarjitam। nityaṃ svarūpataḥ। enaṃ parameśvaram।
[अविनाशिनं (avināśinam) - indestructible; शरीर (śarīra) - body; अपाय (apāya) - destruction; अदिवर्जितम् (adivarjitam) - free from; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - eternal; स्वरूपतः (svarūpataḥ) - by nature; एनं (enaṃ) - this; परमेश्वरम् (parameśvaram) - Supreme Lord;]
The word 'avinashinam' indicates one who is free from bodily destruction; the word 'nityam' indicates it is by his own nature; the word 'enam' is a reference to the supreme lord.
"कर्तृत्वं तु स्वतन्त्रत्वं तदेकस्य हरेर्भवेत् ।तच्चाव्ययं तस्य जानन् कथं कर्ता स्वयं भवेत्।"
"kartṛtvaṃ tu svatantratvaṃ tadekasya harerbhavet ।taccāvyayaṃ tasya jānan kathaṃ kartā svayaṃ bhavet।"
[कर्तृत्वं (kartṛtvaṃ) - agency; तु (tu) - but; स्वतन्त्रत्वं (svatantratvaṃ) - independence; तत् (tat) - that; एकस्य (ekasya) - of the one; हरेः (hareḥ) - of Hari; भवेत् (bhavet) - is; तत् (tat) - that; च (ca) - and; अव्ययम् (avyayam) - unchanging; तस्य (tasya) - of him; जानन् (jānan) - knowing; कथम् (katham) - how; कर्ता (kartā) - doer; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself; भवेत् (bhavet) - can be;]
"Agency and independence belong solely to Lord Hari; knowing this unchanging truth, how can one consider oneself as a doer?"
-इति परमश्रुतिः।
-iti paramaśrutiḥ।
[इति (iti) - thus; परम (parama) - supreme; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - revelation;]
- thus states Parama sruti
अन्यथा अविनाशिनं नित्यमिति पुनरुक्तिः ॥२१॥
anyathā avināśinaṃ nityamiti punaruktiḥ ॥21॥
[अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; अविनाशिनं (avināśinaṃ) - indestructible; नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal; इति (iti) - thus; पुनरुक्तिः (punaruktiḥ) - redundancy error;]
If not interpreted this way, the words 'avinashina' and 'nitya' providing the same meaning, result in a redundancy error.

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बहुचित्रजगद्बहुधाकरणात् परशक्तिरनन्तगुणः परमः ।
सुखरूपममुष्य पदं परमं स्मरतस्तु भविष्यति तत्सततम् ॥
"The one who has created this variegated vast universe with varied forms has infinite power and is of infinite auspicious qualities. He certainly bestows the highest state of bliss to those who meditate on his ever happy essence." -Dwādasha stōtra 4.3

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